A sociohistorical model of intersectional social category prototypes

A sociohistorical model of intersectional social category prototypes
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交叉社会类别原型的社会历史模型

DOI:
10.1038/s44159-023-00165-0
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发表时间:
2023
期刊:
Nature Reviews Psychology
影响因子:
--
通讯作者:
Goh, Jin X.
Goh, Jin X.
中科院分区:
--
文献类型:
--
作者:
Lei, Ryan F.;Foster-Hanson, Emily;Goh, Jin X.

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每个人都属于多个社会类别,例如基于性别,种族或民族的类别,但研究人员传统上孤立地研究这些群体的信仰。出现了一些理论观点,旨在概述人们对性别和种族或族裔的心理表征是如何系统地交织在一起的。这些交叉的观点是有生成性的,但仍然存在表面上的分歧,造成概念上的混乱。在这个角度来看,我们认为,社会历史的方法可以帮助调和这些差异,突出了以前的理论如何提供互补的,而不是冲突,洞察社会概念的结构。具体来说,我们建议,一个社会历史模型整合跨社会科学领域(历史学,人类学,社会学和心理学)的研究可以照亮人们如何构建心理表征,与他们周围的社会和文化系统,这反映了占主导地位的性别和民族或种族群体的目标。通过将这些文化理想编码为社会类别成员的心理表征,人们的原型加强了社会等级。
Every person belongs to multiple social categories, such as those based on gender, race, or ethnicity, yet researchers have traditionally studied beliefs about each of these groups in isolation. Theoretical perspectives have emerged that aim to outline how people’s mental representations of gender and race or ethnicity are systematically intertwined. These intersectional perspectives have been generative, but there remain areas of ostensible disagreement that create conceptual confusion. In this Perspective, we suggest that a sociohistorical approach can help to reconcile these differences by highlighting how previous theories offer complementary, rather than conflicting, insights into the structure of social concepts. Specifically, we propose that a sociohistorical model integrating research across social science fields (history, anthropology, sociology and psychology) could illuminate how people construct mental representations that align with their surrounding social and cultural systems, which reflect the goals of the dominant gender and ethnic or racial group. By encoding these cultural ideals in mental representations of what members of social categories are like, people’s prototypes reinforce social hierarchies.
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