Rethinking the Space of Ethics in Social Entrepreneurship: Power, Subjectivity, and Practices of Freedom
Rethinking the Space of Ethics in Social Entrepreneurship: Power, Subjectivity, and Practices of Freedom
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重新思考社会创业中的道德空间：权力、主体性和自由实践
DOI：
10.1007/s10551-014-2450-y
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发表时间：
2014
影响因子：
6.1
通讯作者：
Dey P
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Dey P
本文确定权力，主体性和自由的做法被忽视，但重要的元素理解社会企业家的伦理。虽然社会企业家的伦理通常是概念化的与个人的先天属性或道德承诺，我们质疑这种观点的基础上，其前提是一个本质主义的概念的真实主体。我们提供，福柯的伦理作品的基础上，一个实践为基础的替代方案，认为道德是通过一个关键的和创造性的处理权力所施加的限制，特别是因为它们涉及到新自由主义主体的条件。为此，我们首先借鉴了先前的研究，这些研究着眼于社会企业的从业者如何与政府政策互动，这些政策要求他们更像原型企业家那样行动和思考。我们的研究结果表明，从业者大多不愿意认同自己与政府权力的调用，而不是简单地认可现行政策中隐含的那种创业主体性，往往拒绝话语提供给他们的主体性。这些抵抗行为象征着社会企业家如何通过对试图确定他们应该是谁以及他们应该如何生活的尝试保持怀疑态度来实践道德，我们介绍了三个小插曲，说明了自由的实践如何与批评，对他人的关怀和反思选择有关。我们的结论是，基于实践的伦理方法可以促进我们的理解，社会企业家如何积极地为自己和他人创造自由的条件，而不需要假设一个“真正的自我”或超越权力的自由乌托邦空间。
This article identifies power, subjectivity, and practices of freedom as neglected but significant elements for understanding the ethics of social entrepreneurship. While the ethics of social entrepreneurship is typically conceptualized in conjunction with innate properties or moral commitments of the individual, we problematize this view based on its presupposition of an essentialist conception of the authentic subject. We offer, based on Foucault’s ethical oeuvre, a practice-based alternative which sees ethics as being exercised through a critical and creative dealing with the limits imposed by power, notably as they pertain to the conditioning of the neoliberal subject. To this end, we first draw on prior research which looks at how practitioners of social enterprises engage with government policies that demand that they should act and think more like prototypical entrepreneurs. Instead of simply endorsing the kind of entrepreneurial subjectivity implied in prevailing policies, our results indicate that practitioners are mostly reluctant to identify themselves with the invocation of governmental power, often rejecting the subjectivity offered to them by discourse. Conceiving these acts of resistance as emblematic of how social entrepreneurs practice ethics by retaining a skeptical attitude toward attempts that seek to determine who they should be and how they should live, we introduce three vignettes that illustrate how practices of freedom relate to critique, the care for others, and reflected choice. We conclude that a practice-based approach of ethics can advance our understanding of how social entrepreneurs actively produce conditions of freedom for themselves as well as for others without supposing a ‘true self’ or a utopian space of liberty beyond power.
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