Mycoplasma pneumoniae Infections: Pathogenesis and Vaccine Development.
Mycoplasma pneumoniae Infections: Pathogenesis and Vaccine Development.
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肺炎支原体感染：发病机制和疫苗开发。
DOI：
10.3390/pathogens10020119
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发表时间：
2021-01-25
期刊：
影响因子：
--
通讯作者：
Leung PHM
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Jiang Z;Li S;Zhu C;Zhou R;Leung PHM
肺炎支原体是社区获得性肺炎的主要病原体，可导致急性上呼吸道和下呼吸道炎症以及肺外综合征。难治性肺炎由M.肺炎可能危及生命，特别是在婴儿和老年人中。在此，我们在全面回顾相关领域科学文献的基础上，总结了M的毒力因子。病原体介导的主要致病机制包括：粘附宿主细胞、对宿主细胞的直接细胞毒性、炎症反应诱导的免疫损伤和免疫逃避。大环内酯类耐药菌株的增加率和其他敏感抗生素的有害副作用（例如，呼吸道喹诺酮类和四环素类）在幼儿中的使用使其难以治疗，并增加了健康风险或再感染。因此，迫切需要开发有效的疫苗来预防M。儿童肺炎感染。不同类型的M.已报道的肺炎疫苗包括全细胞疫苗（灭活和减毒活疫苗）、亚单位疫苗（包括M. pneumoniae蛋白P1、蛋白P30、蛋白P116和pneumoniae毒素）和DNA疫苗。本文综述了M.肺炎感染，并强调已开发的相关疫苗及其报告的有效性。
Mycoplasma pneumoniae is a major causative agent of community-acquired pneumonia which can lead to both acute upper and lower respiratory tract inflammation, and extrapulmonary syndromes. Refractory pneumonia caused by M. pneumonia can be life-threatening, especially in infants and the elderly. Here, based on a comprehensive review of the scientific literature related to the respective area, we summarize the virulence factors of M. pneumoniae and the major pathogenic mechanisms mediated by the pathogen: adhesion to host cells, direct cytotoxicity against host cells, inflammatory response-induced immune injury, and immune evasion. The increasing rate of macrolide-resistant strains and the harmful side effects of other sensitive antibiotics (e.g., respiratory quinolones and tetracyclines) in young children make it difficult to treat, and increase the health risk or re-infections. Hence, there is an urgent need for development of an effective vaccine to prevent M. pneumoniae infections in children. Various types of M. pneumoniae vaccines have been reported, including whole-cell vaccines (inactivated and live-attenuated vaccines), subunit vaccines (involving M. pneumoniae protein P1, protein P30, protein P116 and CARDS toxin) and DNA vaccines. This narrative review summarizes the key pathogenic mechanisms underlying M. pneumoniae infection and highlights the relevant vaccines that have been developed and their reported effectiveness.
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影响因子：
6.4
作者：
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通讯作者：
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影响因子：
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作者：
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通讯作者：
RAZIN, S
DOI：
10.1007/s10096-018-3243-5
发表时间：
2018-07-01
影响因子：
4.5
作者：
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通讯作者：
Kese, Darja