Necrotizing enterocolitis: Bench to bedside approaches and advancing our understanding of disease pathogenesis.

Necrotizing enterocolitis: Bench to bedside approaches and advancing our understanding of disease pathogenesis.
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坏死性小肠结肠炎:从实验室到床边的方法,提高我们对疾病发病机制的理解。

DOI:
10.3389/fped.2022.1107404
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发表时间:
2022
影响因子:
2.6
通讯作者:
--
中科院分区:
医学3区
文献类型:
--
作者:

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坏死性小肠结肠炎(NEC)是一种破坏性的,多因素的疾病,主要影响早产儿的肠道。最近的发现大大提高了我们对这种复杂疾病的风险因素以及细胞和遗传机制的理解。尽管取得了这些进展,但没有阐明任何重要的单一风险因素,也没有阐明每个风险因素影响NEC的机制。尽管如此,最近的研究表明,母体因素,抗生素暴露,喂养,缺氧和肠道微生物群的改变对早产儿的免疫力不发达构成威胁。在这里,我们审查诱发因素,状态不必要的免疫反应,和微生物的发病机制,在NEC的基础上,目前可用的科学证据。我们还讨论了用于研究NEC的新技术和模型,以及这项研究如何从实验室到床边转化为潜在的治疗策略。
Necrotizing enterocolitis (NEC) is a devastating, multifactorial disease mainly affecting the intestine of premature infants. Recent discoveries have significantly enhanced our understanding of risk factors, as well as, cellular and genetic mechanisms of this complex disease. Despite these advancements, no essential, single risk factor, nor the mechanism by which each risk factor affects NEC has been elucidated. Nonetheless, recent research indicates that maternal factors, antibiotic exposure, feeding, hypoxia, and altered gut microbiota pose a threat to the underdeveloped immunity of preterm infants. Here we review predisposing factors, status of unwarranted immune responses, and microbial pathogenesis in NEC based on currently available scientific evidence. We additionally discuss novel techniques and models used to study NEC and how this research translates from the bench to the bedside into potential treatment strategies.
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