An overview of pre-ribosomal RNA processing in eukaryotes.
An overview of pre-ribosomal RNA processing in eukaryotes.
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DOI：
10.1002/wrna.1269
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发表时间：
2015-03
影响因子：
7.3
通讯作者：
Gleizes, Pierre-Emmanuel
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Henras, Anthony K.;Plisson-Chastang, Celia;O'Donohue, Marie-Francoise;Chakraborty, Anirban;Gleizes, Pierre-Emmanuel
核糖体RNA是生物体中最丰富、最普遍的非编码RNA。在真核生物中，组成40S和60S亚基的四个核糖体RNA中的三个由一个长的多顺反子前核糖体RNA携带。随着79种核糖体蛋白的组装，需要一系列复杂的加工步骤来逐渐从这种前体中释放成熟的RNA。一大套反式作用因子伴随着这个过程，包括小核仁核糖核粒。虽然酵母一直是研究这一过程的分子基础的金标准，但最近的技术进步使人们能够进一步定义动植物核糖体生物发生的机制。几种遗传性疾病与编码核糖体蛋白和核糖体生物发生因子的基因突变有关，以及针对核糖体合成机制的新的抗癌治疗的前景，促使人们对这个长期存在的问题重新产生兴趣。在各种真核生物中的研究正在形成一个一致的核糖体前RNA成熟方案。然而，哺乳动物和酵母前核糖体RNA处理之间的主要差异最近被曝光。RNA2015，6：225-242。DOI：10.1002/wrna.1269
Ribosomal RNAs are the most abundant and universal noncoding RNAs in living organisms. In eukaryotes, three of the four ribosomal RNAs forming the 40S and 60S subunits are borne by a long polycistronic pre-ribosomal RNA. A complex sequence of processing steps is required to gradually release the mature RNAs from this precursor, concomitant with the assembly of the 79 ribosomal proteins. A large set of trans-acting factors chaperone this process, including small nucleolar ribonucleoparticles. While yeast has been the gold standard for studying the molecular basis of this process, recent technical advances have allowed to further define the mechanisms of ribosome biogenesis in animals and plants. This renewed interest for a long-lasting question has been fueled by the association of several genetic diseases with mutations in genes encoding both ribosomal proteins and ribosome biogenesis factors, and by the perspective of new anticancer treatments targeting the mechanisms of ribosome synthesis. A consensus scheme of pre-ribosomal RNA maturation is emerging from studies in various kinds of eukaryotic organisms. However, major differences between mammalian and yeast pre-ribosomal RNA processing have recently come to light. WIREs RNA 2015, 6:225–242. doi: 10.1002/wrna.1269
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