Curling of epithelial monolayers reveals coupling between active bending and tissue tension
Curling of epithelial monolayers reveals coupling between active bending and tissue tension
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上皮单层的卷曲揭示了主动弯曲和组织张力之间的耦合
DOI：
10.1101/806455
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发表时间：
2019
期刊：
影响因子：
--
通讯作者：
Fouchard J
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Fouchard J
上皮单层是将多细胞生物体的身体和器官隔开的二维细胞膜。它们在发育或病理过程中的形态发生是内源性和外源性图案化及其与组织力学特性相互作用的结果。特别是，上皮细胞的弯曲被认为是肌球蛋白马达沿其顶基轴极化所产生的主动扭矩的结果。然而，由于缺乏直接的机械测量，这些面外作用力对形态发生的贡献仍然难以评估。在这里，我们使用上皮卷曲来描述上皮单分子层的平面外机制。我们发现，在体内和体外，高曲率的卷曲自发地在无底物的上皮单分子层的自由边缘形成。卷曲起源于肌球蛋白在基底区的丰富，从而产生活跃的自发曲率。通过测量压平卷曲所需的力，我们可以估计组织的主动扭矩和弯曲模数。最后，我们证明了卷曲的程度是由单层中的面内应力和面外应力的相互作用控制的。这种机械耦合强调了面内应力在形态发生过程中形成上皮细胞的可能作用。
Epithelial monolayers are two-dimensional cell sheets which compartmentalize the body and organs of multicellular organisms. Their morphogenesis during development or pathology results from patterned endogenous and exogenous forces and their interplay with tissue mechanical properties. In particular, bending of epithelia is thought to result from active torques generated by the polarization of myosin motors along their apicobasal axis. However, the contribution of these out-of-plane forces to morphogenesis remains challenging to evaluate because of the lack of direct mechanical measurement. Here we use epithelial curling to characterize the out-of-plane mechanics of epithelial monolayers. We find that curls of high curvature form spontaneously at the free edge of epithelial monolayers devoid of substrate in vivo and in vitro. Curling originates from an enrichment of myosin in the basal domain that generates an active spontaneous curvature. By measuring the force necessary to flatten curls, we can then estimate the active torques and the bending modulus of the tissue. Finally, we show that the extent of curling is controlled by the interplay between in-plane and out-of-plane stresses in the monolayer. Such mechanical coupling emphasizes a possible role for in-plane stresses in shaping epithelia during morphogenesis.
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活性表面力学。
影响因子：
2.4
作者：
G. Salbreux;F. Jülicher
通讯作者：
F. Jülicher
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DOI：
10.17863/cam.9873
发表时间：
2017
期刊：
--
影响因子：
--
作者：
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Dicko M
DOI：
10.1073/pnas.261408198
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影响因子：
11.1
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影响因子：
48
作者：
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Shvartsman, Stanislav Y.