Developmental responses of bread wheat to changes in ambient temperature following deletion of a locus that includes FLOWERING LOCUS T1.
Developmental responses of bread wheat to changes in ambient temperature following deletion of a locus that includes FLOWERING LOCUS T1.
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DOI：
10.1111/pce.13130
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发表时间：
2018-07
期刊：
影响因子：
--
通讯作者：
Boden SA
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Dixon LE;Farré A;Finnegan EJ;Orford S;Griffiths S;Boden SA
花座T（FT）是环境信号的中心整合者，调节开花植物营养向生殖转变的时间。在模式植物中，这些环境信号已被证明包括光周期，春化和环境温度途径，在作物物种中，环境温度途径的整合仍然不太清楚。在六倍体小麦中，已经鉴定出至少5个FT样基因，每个基因在A、B和D基因组上具有一个拷贝。在这里，我们通过分析不同环境温度条件下的FT‐B1无效和过表达基因型来报告FT‐B1的特征。该分析已经确定，FT-B1等位基因在不同的环境条件下表现不同;最值得注意的是，当在较低温度条件下生长时，FT-B1无效产生小穗和分蘖数的增加。此外，缺乏FT-B1有利于在光照和黑暗条件下更快的发芽。这些结果提供了一个机会，以了解FT依赖的途径，支持小麦发育的关键反应，以改变环境温度。这对小麦尤其重要，因为小麦的发育和籽粒产量对温度变化很敏感。小麦的生理和发育对环境生长温度的升高有显著的反应。为了消除这种反应的不利影响，我们需要了解其遗传和分子基础。在这里，我们提出了FLOWERLOCUS T（FT）-B1介导的温度响应开花，植物结构，发芽和基因表达的表征。我们表明，FT-B1等位基因在不同的温度下反应不同，FT-B1的缺乏增强了发芽，并在较低的温度下增加小穗产量。
FLOWERING LOCUS T (FT) is a central integrator of environmental signals that regulates the timing of vegetative to reproductive transition in flowering plants. In model plants, these environmental signals have been shown to include photoperiod, vernalization, and ambient temperature pathways, and in crop species, the integration of the ambient temperature pathway remains less well understood. In hexaploid wheat, at least 5 FT‐like genes have been identified, each with a copy on the A, B, and D genomes. Here, we report the characterization of FT‐B1 through analysis of FT‐B1 null and overexpression genotypes under different ambient temperature conditions. This analysis has identified that the FT‐B1 alleles perform differently under diverse environmental conditions; most notably, the FT‐B1 null produces an increase in spikelet and tiller number when grown at lower temperature conditions. Additionally, absence of FT‐B1 facilitates more rapid germination under both light and dark conditions. These results provide an opportunity to understand the FT‐dependent pathways that underpin key responses of wheat development to changes in ambient temperature. This is particularly important for wheat, for which development and grain productivity are sensitive to changes in temperature. The physiology and development of wheat respond dramatically to increases in ambient growth temperature. To combat the adverse effects of this response, we need to understand its genetic and molecular basis. Here, we present the characterization of the FLOWERING LOCUS T (FT)‐B1 mediated temperature responses to flowering, plant architecture, germination, and gene expression. We show that FT‐B1 alleles respond differently under diverse temperatures and that the absence of FT‐B1 enhances germination and increases spikelet production at lower temperatures.
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