Flexibility now, consistency later: psychological distance and construal shape evaluative responding.
Flexibility now, consistency later: psychological distance and construal shape evaluative responding.
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DOI：
10.1037/a0019843
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发表时间：
2010-07
影响因子：
7.6
通讯作者：
Chaiken, Shelly
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Ledgerwood, Alison;Trope, Yaacov;Chaiken, Shelly
长期以来，研究人员一直有兴趣了解的条件下，评估将或多或少的一致性或上下文相关。目前的研究探讨了这个问题，问稳定性或灵活性的评价反应将是最有用的。整合认知水平理论的研究表明，在心理表征的态度对象的变化，可以产生波动的评价反应，我们提出了距离和评价的灵活性之间的函数关系。由于个体更具体地理解心理上接近的对象，因此对接近对象的评估往往会包含来自当前社会背景的独特信息，从而促进特定于背景的反应。相反，因为更远的对象被解释得更抽象，所以对远的对象的评估将更少地依赖于上下文。与这种推理相一致，4项研究的结果表明，当个体在心理上对一种态度对象进行具体化时，无论是因为它在心理上接近还是因为他们被引导采取具体的心态，他们的评估都会灵活地纳入偶然陌生人的观点。然而，当个人对同一问题的思考更加抽象时，他们的评价就不那么容易受到偶然的社会影响，而是反映了他们先前报告的意识形态价值观。这些发现表明，有一些思维方式往往会在不同的情境中产生或多或少的心理表征变异，这反过来又会塑造评价的一致性。连接到共享的现实，一致性和态度功能进行了讨论。
Researchers have long been interested in understanding the conditions under which evaluations will be more or less consistent or context-dependent. The current research explores this issue by asking when stability or flexibility in evaluative responding would be most useful. Integrating construal level theory with research suggesting that variability in the mental representation of an attitude object can produce fluctuations in evaluative responding, we propose a functional relationship between distance and evaluative flexibility. Because individuals construe psychologically proximal objects more concretely, evaluations of proximal objects will tend to incorporate unique information from the current social context, promoting context-specific responses. Conversely, because more distal objects are construed more abstractly, evaluations of distal objects will be less context-dependent. Consistent with this reasoning, the results of 4 studies suggest that when individuals mentally construe an attitude object concretely, either because it is psychologically close or because they have been led to adopt a concrete mindset, their evaluations flexibly incorporate the views of an incidental stranger. However, when individuals think about the same issue more abstractly, their evaluations are less susceptible to incidental social influence and instead reflect their previously reported ideological values. These findings suggest that there are ways of thinking that will tend to produce more or less variability in mental representation across contexts, which in turn shapes evaluative consistency. Connections to shared reality, conformity, and attitude function are discussed.
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影响因子：
3.5
作者：
BODENHAUSEN, GV;SCHWARZ, N;WANKE, M
通讯作者：
WANKE, M
影响因子：
4.2
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影响因子：
7.6
作者：
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通讯作者：
SEARS, DO
影响因子：
7.6
作者：
Darke, PR;Chaiken, S
通讯作者：
Chaiken, S