Mechanisms of Unrest and Eruption at Persistently Restless Volcanoes: Insights From the 2015 Eruption of Telica Volcano, Nicaragua
Mechanisms of Unrest and Eruption at Persistently Restless Volcanoes: Insights From the 2015 Eruption of Telica Volcano, Nicaragua
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持续不稳定火山的不稳定和喷发机制：2015 年尼加拉瓜特利卡火山喷发的见解
DOI：
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发表时间：
2019
影响因子：
3.5
通讯作者：
V. Tenorio
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
D. Roman;P. LaFemina;Rebecca C. Bussard;K. Stephens;C. Wauthier;M. Higgins;M. Feineman;S. Arellano;J. M. Moor;G. Avard;M. M. Cruz;M. Burton;M. Varnam;A. Saballos;M. Ibarra;W. Strauch;V. Tenorio
地球上的许多火山都经历着定义明确的“平静”和“动荡”状态，动荡偶尔会在喷发中达到顶峰。然而，一些火山经历了异常漫长的（即，几十年）的非喷发动荡时期，因此被归类为“持续不平静的火山”（PRV）。驱动持续不平静的火山活动的过程知之甚少，因为我们对PRV的了解目前基于少数案例研究。在这里，我们研究了2015年尼加拉瓜Telica火山爆发事件的多学科观察，在其长期行为的背景下。我们认为，2015年喷发的后期阶段最终是由其浅层岩浆库的不稳定所驱动的。根据以前对Telica的大地测量-地震研究（Geirsson等人，2014，https：//doi.org/10.1016/j.jvolgeores.2013.11.009; Rodgers等人，2013年，https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jvolgeores.2013.08.010和2015年，https：//doi.org/10.1016/j.jvolgeores.2014.11.012）和Telica在7年期间的多参数观测，我们提出Telica在十年时间尺度上发生了三种不同的动荡状态：一种稳定的开放状态，涉及稳定的管道对流和两种不同的“不稳定”状态，可能导致爆发。在“弱密封”状态下，潜水爆炸是由弱密封下的稳定管道对流引起的。在“不稳定”状态下，管道中对流岩浆顶部的不稳定导致高压的快速积累，从而导致强烈/脉冲的蒸汽岩浆爆炸。我们的观察和解释表明，连续的地震，地面变形，气体排放和热监测和解释这些数据在一个范例的持续导管对流调制的事件的密封和不稳定的浅岩浆水库可以允许强大的预测喷发潜力，能量和持续时间在Telica和类似的PRV世界各地。
Many of Earth's volcanoes experience well‐defined states of “quiescence” and “unrest,” with unrest occasionally culminating in eruption. Some volcanoes, however, experience an unusually protracted (i.e., decades‐long) period of noneruptive unrest and are thus categorized as “persistently restless volcanoes” (PRVs). The processes that drive persistently restless volcanism are poorly understood, as our knowledge of PRVs is currently based on a small number of case studies. Here we examine multidisciplinary observations of the 2015 eruptive episode at Telica Volcano, Nicaragua, in the context of its long‐term behavior. We suggest that the latter phases of the 2015 eruption were ultimately driven by destabilization of its shallow magma reservoir. Based on previous geodetic‐seismic studies of Telica (Geirsson et al., 2014, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jvolgeores.2013.11.009; Rodgers et al., 2013, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jvolgeores.2013.08.010 and 2015, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jvolgeores.2014.11.012) and on multiparameter observations at Telica over a 7‐year period, we propose that three distinct states of unrest occur at Telica over decadal timescales: a stable open state involving steady conduit convection and two distinct “unstable” states that may lead to eruptions. In the “weak sealing” state, phreatic explosions result from steady conduit convection underlying a weak seal. In the “destabilized” state, destabilization of the top of the convecting magma in the conduit leads to rapid accumulation of high pressures leading to strong/impulsive phreatomagmatic explosions. Our observations and interpretations suggest that continuous seismic, ground‐based deformation, gas emission, and thermal monitoring and interpretation of these data within a paradigm of sustained conduit convection modulated by episodes of sealing and destabilization of shallow magma reservoirs may allow robust forecasting of eruption potential, energy, and duration at Telica and similar PRVs worldwide.
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几乎没有任何预警的爆炸性喷发：2014 年印度尼西亚 Kelud 火山喷发的实验岩石学和火山监测观测
DOI：
10.1029/2018gc008161
发表时间：
2019
期刊：
Geochemistry, Geophysics, Geosystems
影响因子：
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作者：
Cassidy M
通讯作者：
Cassidy M
影响因子：
18.3
作者：
M. Stock;M. Humphreys;V. Smith;R. Isaia;D. Pyle
通讯作者：
M. Stock;M. Humphreys;V. Smith;R. Isaia;D. Pyle
几乎没有任何预警的爆炸性喷发：2014 年印度尼西亚 Kelud 喷发的实验岩石学和大地测量观测
DOI：
10.31223/osf.io/b4ma8
发表时间：
2018
期刊：
--
影响因子：
--
作者：
Cassidy M
通讯作者：
Cassidy M
影响因子：
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作者：
S. Sadofsky;M. Portnyagin;K. Hoernle;P. Bogaard
通讯作者：
S. Sadofsky;M. Portnyagin;K. Hoernle;P. Bogaard