The biofilm life cycle and virulence of Pseudomonas aeruginosa are dependent on a filamentous prophage.
The biofilm life cycle and virulence of Pseudomonas aeruginosa are dependent on a filamentous prophage.
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DOI：
10.1038/ismej.2008.109
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发表时间：
2009-03
期刊：
影响因子：
--
通讯作者：
Kjelleberg S
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Rice SA;Tan CH;Mikkelsen PJ;Kung V;Woo J;Tay M;Hauser A;McDougald D;Webb JS;Kjelleberg S
成熟的铜绿假单胞菌生物膜经历特定的发育事件。使用噬菌体突变体，产生的删除整个丝状Pf4原噬菌体，我们表明，噬菌体是必不可少的几个阶段的生物膜生命周期，它显着有助于铜绿假单胞菌在体内的毒力。在这里，我们首次表明Pf4噬菌体缺陷突变体的生物膜没有发展中空中心或经历细胞死亡，这是野生型铜绿假单胞菌PAO1生物膜的典型分化过程。此外，与野生型生物膜相比，Pf4突变体的小菌落的尺寸显著更小并且更不稳定。在野生型生物膜的分散群体中在分散和细胞死亡时可检测到小菌落变体（SCV），而在Pf4生物膜的流出物中未检测到SCV。这项研究表明，当野生型生物膜中发生细胞死亡时，Pf4噬菌体转化为超感染形式，这与分散群体中变体的出现相关。出乎意料的是，感染Pf4突变体的小鼠存活时间明显长于感染其同基因野生型菌株的小鼠，表明Pf4有助于铜绿假单胞菌的毒力。因此，丝状原噬菌体是铜绿假单胞菌的生命周期和适应行为的主要贡献者，并为噬菌体在该生物体中的流行提供了解释。
Mature Pseudomonas aeruginosa biofilms undergo specific developmental events. Using a bacteriophage mutant, generated by deletion of the entire filamentous Pf4 prophage, we show that the phage is essential for several stages of the biofilm life-cycle and that it significantly contributes to the virulence of P. aeruginosa in vivo. Here, we show for the first time that biofilms of the Pf4 phage deficient mutant did not develop hollow centres or undergo cell death, typical of the differentiation process of wild-type P. aeruginosa PAO1 biofilms. Furthermore, microcolonies of the Pf4 mutant were significantly smaller in size and less stable compared to the wild-type biofilm. Small colony variants (SCVs) were detectable in the dispersal population of the wild-type biofilm at the time of dispersal and cell death, whilst no SCVs were detected in the effluent of the Pf4 biofilm. This study shows that at the time when cell death occurs in biofilms of the wild-type, the Pf4 phage converts into a superinfective form, which correlates with the appearance of variants in the dispersal population. Unexpectedly, mice infected with the Pf4 mutant survived significantly longer than those infected with its isogenic wild-type strain, demonstrating that Pf4 contributes to the virulence of P. aeruginosa. Hence, a filamentous prophage is a major contributor to the life cycle and adaptive behaviour of P. aeruginosa and offers an explanation for the prevalence of phage in this organism.
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影响因子：
5.1
作者：
Boeckelmann, Uta;Luensdorf, Heinrich;Szewzyk, Ulrich
通讯作者：
Szewzyk, Ulrich
影响因子：
3.6
作者：
Allesen-Holm, M;Barken, KB;Tolker-Nielsen, T
通讯作者：
Tolker-Nielsen, T
影响因子：
15.3
作者：
Fullner, KJ;Boucher, JC;Mekalanos, JJ
通讯作者：
Mekalanos, JJ
影响因子：
2.8
作者：
Kenna, Dervla T.;Doherty, Catherine J.;Govan, John R. W.
通讯作者：
Govan, John R. W.
DOI：
10.1098/rspb.2005.3086
发表时间：
2005-07-07
影响因子：
4.7
作者：
Brockhurst, MA;Buckling, A;Rainey, PB
通讯作者：
Rainey, PB