Decision-making during gambling: an integration of cognitive and psychobiological approaches.
Decision-making during gambling: an integration of cognitive and psychobiological approaches.
复制标题
DOI：
10.1098/rstb.2009.0147
复制
发表时间：
2010-01-27
期刊：
影响因子：
--
通讯作者：
Clark L
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Clark L
赌博是一种广泛的娱乐形式，它可以为人类决策中认知和情感之间的相互作用提供独特的见解。它也是一种对少数人有害并可能上瘾的行为。本文认为，两个占主导地位的赌博行为的方法的地位。认知方法已经确定了赌徒持有的一些错误信念，这些信念导致他们高估了自己获胜的机会。心理生物学方法研究了病态赌徒和健康对照组之间的病例对照差异，并确定了与奖励和情绪相关的大脑区域的失调，包括腹内侧前额叶皮层（vmPFC）和纹状体，以及多巴胺神经传递的改变。在整合这两种方法，最近的数据进行了讨论，揭示异常招聘的大脑奖励系统（包括VMPFC和腹侧纹状体）在赌博游戏中的两个常见的认知扭曲：近距离效应和个人控制的影响。在机会游戏中，侥幸和控制的存在对获胜的可能性没有客观的影响。这些操纵似乎利用了一个奖励系统，该系统进化为学习技能导向的行为，通过调节该系统中的活动，这些认知扭曲可能会促进持续的，并可能过度的赌博。
Gambling is a widespread form of entertainment that may afford unique insights into the interaction between cognition and emotion in human decision-making. It is also a behaviour that can become harmful, and potentially addictive, in a minority of individuals. This article considers the status of two dominant approaches to gambling behaviour. The cognitive approach has identified a number of erroneous beliefs held by gamblers, which cause them to over-estimate their chances of winning. The psychobiological approach has examined case-control differences between groups of pathological gamblers and healthy controls, and has identified dysregulation of brain areas linked to reward and emotion, including the ventromedial prefrontal cortex (vmPFC) and striatum, as well as alterations in dopamine neurotransmission. In integrating these two approaches, recent data are discussed that reveal anomalous recruitment of the brain reward system (including the vmPFC and ventral striatum) during two common cognitive distortions in gambling games: the near-miss effect and the effect of personal control. In games of chance, near-misses and the presence of control have no objective influence on the likelihood of winning. These manipulations appear to harness a reward system that evolved to learn skill-oriented behaviours, and by modulating activity in this system, these cognitive distortions may promote continued, and potentially excessive, gambling.
登录
查看更多内容
影响因子：
64.8
作者：
Daw, Nathaniel D.;O'Doherty, John P.;Dayan, Peter;Seymour, Ben;Dolan, Raymond J.
通讯作者：
Dolan, Raymond J.
DOI：
10.1080/01688639108405107
发表时间：
1991-11-01
影响因子：
2.2
作者：
ANDERSON, SW;DAMASIO, H;TRANEL, D
通讯作者：
TRANEL, D
影响因子：
2.5
作者：
Baboushkin, HR;Hardoon, KK;Gupta, R
通讯作者：
Gupta, R
影响因子：
10.6
作者：
Cavedini, P;Riboldi, G;Bellodi, L
通讯作者：
Bellodi, L
影响因子：
2.4
作者：
Bechara, Antoine
通讯作者：
Bechara, Antoine