Just-in-Time Adaptive Mechanisms of Popular Mobile Apps for Individuals With Depression: Systematic App Search and Literature Review.
Just-in-Time Adaptive Mechanisms of Popular Mobile Apps for Individuals With Depression: Systematic App Search and Literature Review.
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DOI：
10.2196/29412
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发表时间：
2021-09-28
影响因子：
7.4
通讯作者：
Kowatsch T
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Teepe GW;Da Fonseca A;Kleim B;Jacobson NC;Salamanca Sanabria A;Tudor Car L;Fleisch E;Kowatsch T
专注于预防、诊断和治疗抑郁症的智能手机应用程序的数量正在增加。一种很有希望的方法是使用即时适应性干预（JITAI）机制来提高应用程序的有效性，同时减少个人的负担。jitai旨在提高干预的有效性，并通过在正确的时间提供正确类型的支持来减轻使用干预的人的负担。适当的支持类型和适当的时间分别通过测量脆弱性状态和接受状态来确定。本研究的目的是系统地评估JITAI机制在抑郁症患者的流行应用程序中的使用。2020年8月，我们系统地搜索了苹果应用商店和bb0 Play商店中针对抑郁症的应用程序，以及美国焦虑和抑郁协会、英国国家卫生服务机构和美国心理协会的策划列表。相关应用根据评论数（苹果应用商店）或下载量（b谷歌Play商店）进行排名。对于每个应用程序，两位作者分别审查了科学数据库（PubMed、Cochrane Register of Controlled Trials、PsycINFO、b谷歌Scholar、IEEE Xplore、Web of Science、ACM Portal和Science Direct）中与该应用程序相关的所有出版物、应用程序网站上引用的出版物、应用程序网站上的信息以及应用程序本身。在应用程序中发现的所有类型的测量（例如，开放式问题，封闭式问题和设备分析）都被记录和审查。28个被审查的应用程序中没有一个使用JITAI机制来根据情况、州或个人定制内容。在28个应用程序中，3个（11%）没有使用任何测量，20个（71%）只使用不足以充分利用jitai潜力的自我报告，5个（18%）使用自我报告和被动测量的应用程序仅将其用作进度或任务指标。虽然34%（23/68）的文献调查了应用程序的有效性，21%（14/68）的文献调查了它们的有效性，但没有文献提到或评估JITAI机制。有前景的JITAI机制尚未转化为主流的抑郁症应用程序。尽管很少使用智能手机提供的各种被动测量，但71%（20/28）的应用程序使用了自我报告的结果。然而，在这两种情况下，测量的结果都没有用于根据脆弱性或接受性的状态来定制内容和时间。由于缺乏针对个人、状态或情况的定制，我们认为这些应用程序不能被视为jitai。缺乏研究JITAI机制是否会导致应用程序的有效性或功效增加的出版物，这突出了进一步研究的必要性，特别是在现实世界的应用程序中。
The number of smartphone apps that focus on the prevention, diagnosis, and treatment of depression is increasing. A promising approach to increase the effectiveness of the apps while reducing the individual’s burden is the use of just-in-time adaptive intervention (JITAI) mechanisms. JITAIs are designed to improve the effectiveness of the intervention and reduce the burden on the person using the intervention by providing the right type of support at the right time. The right type of support and the right time are determined by measuring the state of vulnerability and the state of receptivity, respectively. The aim of this study is to systematically assess the use of JITAI mechanisms in popular apps for individuals with depression. We systematically searched for apps addressing depression in the Apple App Store and Google Play Store, as well as in curated lists from the Anxiety and Depression Association of America, the United Kingdom National Health Service, and the American Psychological Association in August 2020. The relevant apps were ranked according to the number of reviews (Apple App Store) or downloads (Google Play Store). For each app, 2 authors separately reviewed all publications concerning the app found within scientific databases (PubMed, Cochrane Register of Controlled Trials, PsycINFO, Google Scholar, IEEE Xplore, Web of Science, ACM Portal, and Science Direct), publications cited on the app’s website, information on the app’s website, and the app itself. All types of measurements (eg, open questions, closed questions, and device analytics) found in the apps were recorded and reviewed. None of the 28 reviewed apps used JITAI mechanisms to tailor content to situations, states, or individuals. Of the 28 apps, 3 (11%) did not use any measurements, 20 (71%) exclusively used self-reports that were insufficient to leverage the full potential of the JITAIs, and the 5 (18%) apps using self-reports and passive measurements used them as progress or task indicators only. Although 34% (23/68) of the reviewed publications investigated the effectiveness of the apps and 21% (14/68) investigated their efficacy, no publication mentioned or evaluated JITAI mechanisms. Promising JITAI mechanisms have not yet been translated into mainstream depression apps. Although the wide range of passive measurements available from smartphones were rarely used, self-reported outcomes were used by 71% (20/28) of the apps. However, in both cases, the measured outcomes were not used to tailor content and timing along a state of vulnerability or receptivity. Owing to this lack of tailoring to individual, state, or situation, we argue that the apps cannot be considered JITAIs. The lack of publications investigating whether JITAI mechanisms lead to an increase in the effectiveness or efficacy of the apps highlights the need for further research, especially in real-world apps.
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影响因子：
5.2
作者：
Avalos LA;Aghaee S;Kurtovich E;Quesenberry C Jr;Nkemere L;McGinnis MK;Kubo A
通讯作者：
Kubo A
影响因子：
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影响因子：
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通讯作者：
Steptoe A
影响因子：
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作者：
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通讯作者：
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