Flying at no mechanical energy cost: disclosing the secret of wandering albatrosses.

Flying at no mechanical energy cost: disclosing the secret of wandering albatrosses.
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DOI:
10.1371/journal.pone.0041449
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发表时间:
2012
期刊:
影响因子:
3.7
通讯作者:
Bonadonna F
Bonadonna F
中科院分区:
综合性期刊3区
文献类型:
--
作者:
Sachs G;Traugott J;Nesterova AP;Dell'Omo G;Kümmeth F;Heidrich W;Vyssotski AL;Bonadonna F

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信天翁能做其他鸟类做不到的事情:不需要任何机械成本就能飞行数千公里。这是可能的,因为他们使用动态翱翔,一种飞行模式,使他们能够获得所需的能量从风中飞行。到目前为止,从风到鸟的能量转移方面获得能量的物理机制大多是未知的。在这里,我们展示了能量增益是通过动态飞行机动实现的,包括一个不断重复的上下曲线,并对风进行最佳调整。我们使用一种新的gps信号跟踪方法,通过分析自由飞行的鸟类的测量轨迹,确定了从风中获得的能量,这种方法产生了高精度。我们的研究结果揭示了一种对极端环境的进化适应,并可能支持最近对机器人飞机的生物学启发研究,该研究可能利用信天翁的飞行技术进行无发动机推进。
Albatrosses do something that no other birds are able to do: fly thousands of kilometres at no mechanical cost. This is possible because they use dynamic soaring, a flight mode that enables them to gain the energy required for flying from wind. Until now, the physical mechanisms of the energy gain in terms of the energy transfer from the wind to the bird were mostly unknown. Here we show that the energy gain is achieved by a dynamic flight manoeuvre consisting of a continually repeated up-down curve with optimal adjustment to the wind. We determined the energy obtained from the wind by analysing the measured trajectories of free flying birds using a new GPS-signal tracking method yielding a high precision. Our results reveal an evolutionary adaptation to an extreme environment, and may support recent biologically inspired research on robotic aircraft that might utilize albatrosses' flight technique for engineless propulsion.
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影响因子: 2.8
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