Impacts of Salinity on the Hydrolysis of Chlorpyrifos

Impacts of Salinity on the Hydrolysis of Chlorpyrifos
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盐度对毒死蜱水解的影响

DOI:
10.1021/acsagscitech.2c00234
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发表时间:
2023
期刊:
ACS Agricultural Science & Technology
影响因子:
--
通讯作者:
Armbrust, Kevin L.
Armbrust, Kevin L.
中科院分区:
--
文献类型:
--
作者:
St. Romain, Scott J.;Basirico, Laura M.;Kim, Yong-Ha;Armbrust, Kevin L.

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有机磷杀虫剂毒死蜱被用作探针来评估海水中盐度和微量金属对其水解速率的单独影响,因为它们对有机化学物质的影响仍然知之甚少。本研究测量了毒死蜱在五种灭菌/缓冲介质中水解降解为其转化产物 3,5,6-三氯-2-吡啶醇 (TCP) 的情况:千分之 25 (ppt) 人造海水、25 ppt 氯化钠 (NaCl)、十亿分之 10 (ppb) 铜、0.5 ppb 铜和缓冲去离子水 (0 ppt)。与 0 ppt 相比,毒死蜱在 25 ppt 海水、10 ppb 铜和 0.5 ppb 铜中的水解速度分别快 21%、62% 和 13%,在 25 ppt NaCl 中则慢 40%。每种培养基中 TCP 的形成与观察到的毒死蜱的降解一致。与淡水环境和海水中观察到的浓度相似的痕量铜加速了水解速率,而氯化钠则显着抑制了水解速率。这项研究说明了在评估水生生态系统中疏水性有机化合物的环境命运时考虑微量金属和盐度的综合影响的重要性。
The organophosphate insecticide, chlorpyrifos, was used as a probe to assess the individual effects of salinity and trace metals in seawater on its hydrolysis rate as their influence on organic chemicals remains poorly characterized. This investigation measured the hydrolytic degradation of chlorpyrifos to its transformation product, 3,5,6-trichloro-2-pyridinol (TCP), in five sterilized/buffered media: 25 parts per thousand (ppt) artificial seawater, 25 ppt sodium chloride (NaCl), 10 parts per billion (ppb) copper, 0.5 ppb copper, and buffered deionized water (0 ppt). Chlorpyrifos hydrolyzed 21, 62, and 13% faster in 25 ppt seawater, 10 ppb copper, and 0.5 ppb copper, respectively, and 40% slower in 25 ppt NaCl compared to 0 ppt. The formation of TCP in each medium was consistent with the observed degradation of chlorpyrifos. Trace amounts of copper at concentrations similar to those observed in freshwater environments and seawater accelerated the hydrolytic rate, while NaCl significantly inhibited it. This research illustrates the importance of considering the combined influences of trace metals as well as salinity when evaluating the environmental fate of hydrophobic organic compounds in aquatic ecosystems.
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