Decadal survival of tropical pioneer seeds in the soil seed bank is accompanied by fungal infection and dormancy release
Decadal survival of tropical pioneer seeds in the soil seed bank is accompanied by fungal infection and dormancy release
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热带先锋种子在土壤种子库中的十年存活伴随着真菌感染和休眠释放
DOI：
10.1111/1365-2435.14476
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发表时间：
2023
影响因子：
5.2
通讯作者：
Dalling, James W.
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Zalamea, Paul‐Camilo;Sarmiento, Carolina;Arnold, A. Elizabeth;Kuo, Venus;Delevich, Carolyn;Davis, Adam S.;Brown, Thomas A.;Dalling, James W.
先锋树需要强光环境才能成功建苗。因此，这些物种的种子通常在土壤种子库(SSB)中存留数周至数十年。如何在来自种子捕食者和土壤传播病原体的巨大压力下存活仍然是一个有趣的问题。本研究旨在检验在低地热带森林中从SSB收集的数十年的种子通过以下方式保持存活的假说：(I)逃避真菌的侵染，真菌是热带土壤中种子死亡的主要驱动因素，和/或(Ii)与不存活的种子相比，保持较高的种子休眠和种皮完整性。我们在巴拿马的巴罗科罗拉多岛收集了银杉和花椒的种子，这些种子来自过去30 年里发生过成年树的地点。我们使用碳测年来测量种子的年龄，并对种皮完整性、种子休眠和真菌群落进行了表征。来自SSB的可见种子的年龄从9到30 年。薇甘菊，5~33年 年。埃克马尼。我们没有发现证据表明，几十年的种子保持了高度的休眠或种皮完整性。在新鲜种子中很少检测到真菌(不接触土壤)，但在SSB的种子中经常检测到系统发育多样化的真菌。尽管真菌感染在不能存活的种子中比在可存活种子中更常见，但可存活种子和可存活种子之间真菌多样性和群落组成的缺乏差异表明，可存活种子并不是简单地排除真菌物种，以便在SSB中长期存活。我们的发现揭示了种子生存的一个以前未被充分研究的方面的重要性，在这一方面，种子-微生物相互作用的影响可能是理解SSB中长期持久性的关键。阅读期刊博客上这篇文章的免费平白语言摘要。
Pioneer trees require high‐light environments for successful seedling establishment. Consequently, seeds of these species often persist in the soil seed bank (SSB) for periods ranging from several weeks to decades. How they survive despite extensive pressure from seed predators and soil‐borne pathogens remains an intriguing question.This study aims to test the hypotheses that decades‐old seeds collected from the SSB in a lowland tropical forest remain viable by (i) escaping infection by fungi, which are major drivers of seed mortality in tropical soils, and/or (ii) maintaining high levels of seed dormancy and seed coat integrity when compared to inviable seeds.We collected seeds ofTrema micranthaandZanthoxylum ekmaniiat Barro Colorado Island, Panama, from sites where adult trees previously occurred in the past 30 years. We used carbon dating to measure seed age and characterized seed coat integrity, seed dormancy and fungal communities.Viable seeds from the SSB ranged in age from 9 to 30 years forT. micrantha, and 5 to 33 years forZ. ekmanii. We found no evidence that decades‐old seeds maintain high levels of seed dormancy or seed coat integrity. Fungi were rarely detected in fresh seeds (no soil contact), but phylogenetically diverse fungi were detected often in seeds from the SSB. Although fungal infections were more commonly detected in inviable seeds than in viable seeds, a lack of differences in fungal diversity and community composition between viable and inviable seeds suggested that viable seeds are not simply excluding fungal species to survive long periods in the SSB.Synthesis.Our findings reveal the importance of a previously understudied aspect of seed survival, where the impact of seed–microbial interactions may be critical to understand long‐term persistence in the SSB.Read the free Plain Language Summary for this article on the Journal blog.
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影响因子：
5.6
作者：
Zalamea PC;Sarmiento C;Arnold AE;Davis AS;Dalling JW
通讯作者：
Dalling JW
蚂蚁介导的传播中的种子命运：Ectatomma ruidum（蚁科）-Zanthoxylum ekmanii（芸香科）系统中的种子传播有效性
影响因子：
2.1
作者：
Selina A. Ruzi;A. Suarez
通讯作者：
A. Suarez
新热带先锋树种种子去除模式的变化可以用当地蚂蚁群落组成来解释吗？
影响因子：
2.1
作者：
Ruzi, Selina A.;Zalamea, Paul‐Camilo;Roche, Daniel P.;Achury, Rafael;Dalling, James W.;Suarez, Andrew V.
通讯作者：
Suarez, Andrew V.
影响因子：
2.9
作者：
Dalling, James W.;Brown, Thomas A.
通讯作者：
Brown, Thomas A.