Seed fate in ant‐mediated dispersal: Seed dispersal effectiveness in the Ectatomma ruidum (Formicidae)—Zanthoxylum ekmanii (Rutaceae) system
Seed fate in ant‐mediated dispersal: Seed dispersal effectiveness in the Ectatomma ruidum (Formicidae)—Zanthoxylum ekmanii (Rutaceae) system
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蚂蚁介导的传播中的种子命运：Ectatomma ruidum（蚁科）-Zanthoxylum ekmanii（芸香科）系统中的种子传播有效性
DOI：
10.1111/btp.13098
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发表时间：
2022
期刊：
影响因子：
2.1
通讯作者：
A. Suarez
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Selina A. Ruzi;A. Suarez
植物的扩散往往受到限制，依靠被动或主动的因素来寻找适合发芽的微生境。例如，先锋树种的种子生长需要光照间隙，但中间传播距离较短，而且往往不能提供食物奖励来鼓励动物传播。花椒种子经常被蚂蚁移动，但评估蚂蚁介导的种子移除的有效性需要了解移动种子的物种、它们移动的距离和沉积地点。为了评价蚂蚁作为大鲵种子传播者的有效性，我们采用了种子传播有效性框架。我们跟踪了森林地面贮藏种子的移动，发现采食者移动了32.8%的种子，平均首次移动距离为99.8 cm，其中68.3%的种子被带到一个群体中。通过幼苗出苗研究，将刚发芽的种子埋在不同深度，评价了沉积位置的质量。幼苗主要是从最浅的深处长出来的。蜂群的蜡铸表明，进入蜂群的种子沉积在有幼虫存在的室中，比未被蚂蚁处理的种子遭受更大的伤害。然而，采集者没有足够强大的咬合力来破坏Z. ekmanii种子，这可能是因为它们的肌肉形态结构不能最大限度地产生力量。总的来说，E. ruidum可能有助于微调沉积位置，将种子结合到表土中，尽管如果土壤生物扰动较低，很少有种子可能出现。
Plants are often dispersal limited relying on passive or active agents to find suitable microhabitats for germination. Seeds of pioneer tree species, for example, require light gaps for growth but have short median dispersal distances and often do not provide a food reward to encourage animal dispersal. Zanthoxylum ekmanii seeds are frequently moved by ants but evaluating the effectiveness of ant‐mediated seed removal requires knowledge of the species moving the seeds, how far they are moved, and the deposition site. To assess the effectiveness of ants as seed dispersers of Z. ekmanii, we utilized the seed dispersal effectiveness framework. We tracked the movement of seeds from caches on the forest floor, revealing that foragers of Ectatomma ruidum moved 32.8% of seeds an average first distance of 99.8 cm with 68.3% of those seeds taken into a colony. The quality of deposition location was assessed using a seedling emergence study where freshly germinated seeds were buried at different depths. Seedlings were primarily able to emerge from the shallowest depths. Wax castings of E. ruidum colonies demonstrated that seeds brought into the colony were deposited in chambers that had larvae present and experienced more damage than seeds unhandled by ants. Foragers, however, did not have a strong enough bite force to rupture Z. ekmanii seeds likely because their muscle morphology is not structured to maximize force generation. Overall, E. ruidum may help fine tune deposition location, incorporating seeds into the topsoil, though few seeds will likely emerge if soil bioturbation is low.
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物种身份影响新热带先锋树种种子的二次去除
影响因子：
1.7
作者：
Ruzi, Selina A.;Roche, Daniel P.;Zalamea, Paul-Camilo;Robison, Abigail C.;Dalling, James W.
通讯作者：
Dalling, James W.
蚂蚁的二次扩散促进了森林砍伐后的森林再生
影响因子：
5.5
作者：
Gallegos;Hensen;Schleuning
通讯作者：
Schleuning
新热带先锋树种种子去除模式的变化可以用当地蚂蚁群落组成来解释吗？
影响因子：
2.1
作者：
Ruzi, Selina A.;Zalamea, Paul‐Camilo;Roche, Daniel P.;Achury, Rafael;Dalling, James W.;Suarez, Andrew V.
通讯作者：
Suarez, Andrew V.
田间实验表明，密生植物对种子传播蚂蚁的短期和长期影响是矛盾的
影响因子：
2.2
作者：
Warren, II, Robert J.;Elliott, Katherine J.;Giladi, Itamar;King, Joshua R.;Bradford, Mark A.
通讯作者：
Bradford, Mark A.