A stem cell roadmap of ribosome heterogeneity reveals a function for RPL10A in mesoderm production.

A stem cell roadmap of ribosome heterogeneity reveals a function for RPL10A in mesoderm production.
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核糖体异质性的干细胞路线图揭示了 RPL10A 在中胚层生成中的功能。

DOI:
10.1038/s41467-022-33263-3
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发表时间:
2022-09-19
影响因子:
16.6
通讯作者:
--
中科院分区:
综合性期刊1区
文献类型:
--
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最近的研究结果表明,核糖体本身调节基因表达。然而,核糖体是否改变细胞类型的组成或控制细胞命运仍然未知。在这里,采用定量质谱在人类胚胎干细胞分化过程中,我们确定了几十个核糖体组成的变化,细胞命运的规范。我们观察到上调RPL 10A/uL 1-含有核糖体的原条,然后进行性减少中胚层分化过程中。小鼠中的RpllOa功能丧失等位基因引起显著的早期中胚层表型,包括后躯干截短,并抑制培养物中的近轴中胚层产生。RpllOa功能丧失小鼠中的核糖体分析揭示了中胚层调节因子的翻译减少,包括Wnt途径mRNA,其也富集在含有RPLlOA/uLl的核糖体上。我们进一步表明,RPL 10A/uL 1在干细胞分化过程中和发育中的胚胎中调节经典和非经典Wnt信号传导。这些发现揭示了意想不到的核糖体组成模块化,通过关键信号网络的专门翻译控制分化和发育。核糖体在组成和调节基因表达的功能方面的差异还知之甚少。在这里,作者表明,核糖体组成在干细胞分化过程中发生变化,并确定了一种调节中胚层谱系产生的核糖体蛋白。
Recent findings suggest that the ribosome itself modulates gene expression. However, whether ribosomes change composition across cell types or control cell fate remains unknown. Here, employing quantitative mass spectrometry during human embryonic stem cell differentiation, we identify dozens of ribosome composition changes underlying cell fate specification. We observe upregulation of RPL10A/uL1-containing ribosomes in the primitive streak followed by progressive decreases during mesoderm differentiation. An Rpl10a loss-of-function allele in mice causes striking early mesodermal phenotypes, including posterior trunk truncations, and inhibits paraxial mesoderm production in culture. Ribosome profiling in Rpl10a loss-of-function mice reveals decreased translation of mesoderm regulators, including Wnt pathway mRNAs, which are also enriched on RPL10A/uL1-containing ribosomes. We further show that RPL10A/uL1 regulates canonical and non-canonical Wnt signaling during stem cell differentiation and in the developing embryo. These findings reveal unexpected ribosome composition modularity that controls differentiation and development through the specialized translation of key signaling networks. How ribosomes differ in composition and function to regulate gene expression is poorly understood. Here, the authors show that ribosome composition changes during stem cell differentiation and identify a ribosomal protein that regulates production of the mesoderm lineage.
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