Improving executive functioning in children with ADHD: training multiple executive functions within the context of a computer game. a randomized double-blind placebo controlled trial.
Improving executive functioning in children with ADHD: training multiple executive functions within the context of a computer game. a randomized double-blind placebo controlled trial.
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DOI：
10.1371/journal.pone.0121651
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发表时间：
2015
期刊：
影响因子：
3.7
通讯作者：
Prins PJ
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Dovis S;Van der Oord S;Wiers RW;Prins PJ
旨在减少ADHD症状的执行功能(EFS)培训干预措施产生了好坏参半的结果。一般来说，这些干预集中于训练单一的认知域(例如，工作记忆[WM]、抑制或认知灵活性)。然而，有证据表明，大多数ADHD儿童在多个EFS上表现出缺陷，这些EFS在很大程度上与不同的大脑区域有关。因此，训练多个EFS可能是减少EF相关ADHD症状的潜在更有效的策略。89名临床诊断为ADHD的儿童(年龄8-12岁)被随机分为三组，一组是完全活跃状态，训练视觉空间工作记忆、抑制能力和认知灵活性；另一组是部分活动状态，训练抑制能力和认知灵活性，并以安慰剂模式呈现工作记忆训练任务；在多个结果领域评估了这种游戏化的、25个疗程的、基于家庭的计算机训练的短期和长期(3个月)效果。在培训期间，遵从性很高(只有3%未能达到遵从性标准)。训练后，只有处于完全活动状态的儿童在视觉空间短时记忆(STM)和WM的测量上表现出改善。只有在完全激活和部分激活状态下，抑制性能和干扰控制才会得到改善。在认知灵活性、言语工作记忆、复杂推理方面，没有发现治疗条件和时间的交互作用，也没有发现任何父母、教师或儿童评估的ADHD行为、EF行为、动机行为或一般问题行为。尽管如此，几乎所有的指标都显示出主要的时间效应，包括教师评级。抑制和视觉空间STM和WM的改善与接受的治疗类型具体相关。然而，迁移到未训练的EFS和行为大多是非特异性的(即，只有干扰控制在两个EF训练条件下得到了专门的改善)。因此，在这种多重EF训练中，主要是非特定的治疗因素--而不是训练EFS的特定效果--似乎与对EF和行为的远迁移效应有关。TrialRegister.nl NTR2728。注册名称：改善ADHD儿童的执行功能：在电脑游戏的背景下培训执行功能；注册编号：NTR2728。
Executive functions (EFs) training interventions aimed at ADHD-symptom reduction have yielded mixed results. Generally, these interventions focus on training a single cognitive domain (e.g., working memory [WM], inhibition, or cognitive-flexibility). However, evidence suggests that most children with ADHD show deficits on multiple EFs, and that these EFs are largely related to different brain regions. Therefore, training multiple EFs might be a potentially more effective strategy to reduce EF-related ADHD symptoms. Eighty-nine children with a clinical diagnosis of ADHD (aged 8–12) were randomized to either a full-active-condition where visuospatial WM, inhibition and cognitive-flexibility were trained, a partially-active-condition where inhibition and cognitive-flexibility were trained and the WM-training task was presented in placebo-mode, or to a full placebo-condition. Short-term and long-term (3-months) effects of this gamified, 25-session, home-based computer-training were evaluated on multiple outcome domains. During training compliance was high (only 3% failed to meet compliance criteria). After training, only children in the full-active condition showed improvement on measures of visuospatial short-term-memory (STM) and WM. Inhibitory performance and interference control only improved in the full-active- and the partially-active condition. No Treatment-condition x Time interactions were found for cognitive-flexibility, verbal WM, complex-reasoning, nor for any parent-, teacher-, or child-rated ADHD behaviors, EF-behaviors, motivational behaviors, or general problem behaviors. Nonetheless, almost all measures showed main Time-effects, including the teacher-ratings. Improvements on inhibition and visuospatial STM and WM were specifically related to the type of treatment received. However, transfer to untrained EFs and behaviors was mostly nonspecific (i.e., only interference control improved exclusively in the two EF training conditions). As such, in this multiple EF-training, mainly nonspecific treatment factors – as opposed to the specific effects of training EFs—seem related to far transfer effects found on EF and behavior. trialregister.nl NTR2728. Registry name: improving executive functioning in children with ADHD: training executive functions within the context of a computer game; registry number: NTR2728.
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影响因子：
3.6
作者：
Colder, CR;O'Connor, RM
通讯作者：
O'Connor, RM
影响因子：
3.5
作者：
Bastiaansen, D;Koot, HM;Verhulst, FC
通讯作者：
Verhulst, FC
DOI：
10.1080/15374416.2013.787622
发表时间：
2013
期刊：
Journal of clinical child and adolescent psychology : the official journal for the Society of Clinical Child and Adolescent Psychology, American Psychological Association, Division 53
影响因子：
--
作者：
Chacko A;Feirsen N;Bedard AC;Marks D;Uderman JZ;Chimiklis A
通讯作者：
Chimiklis A
影响因子：
3.6
作者：
Crosbie J;Arnold P;Paterson A;Swanson J;Dupuis A;Li X;Shan J;Goodale T;Tam C;Strug LJ;Schachar RJ
通讯作者：
Schachar RJ
影响因子：
2.3
作者：
Costenbader, V;Ngari, SM
通讯作者：
Ngari, SM