Within-guild dietary discrimination from 3-D textural analysis of tooth microwear in insectivorous mammals.
Within-guild dietary discrimination from 3-D textural analysis of tooth microwear in insectivorous mammals.
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DOI：
10.1111/jzo.12068
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发表时间：
2013-12
期刊：
影响因子：
--
通讯作者：
Rayfield EJ
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Purnell MA;Crumpton N;Gill PG;Jones G;Rayfield EJ
资源开发和食物竞争是动物进化过程中重要的选择压力。最近的一些研究集中在蝙蝠的多样化、营养形态和饮食之间的联系上，部分原因是它们的栖息习性意味着对许多蝙蝠物种来说，饮食可以通过粪便分析相对容易地量化。在其他方面，哺乳动物的饮食分析是侵入性的、复杂的、耗时的和昂贵的。本文提出了食虫蝙蝠的证据，表明利用国际标准化组织（ISO）基于亚微米表面数据的粗糙度参数分析牙齿微磨损的三维（3-D）纹理，为研究哺乳动物的营养资源开发提供了一个额外的、强大的工具。我们的方法，就像尺度敏感分形分析一样，比二维（2-D）微磨损分析方法提供了相当大的优势，包括在稳健性、可重复性和可比性研究方面的改进。我们的结果构成了基于ISO粗糙度参数的食肉哺乳动物微磨损纹理的首次分析。他们证明，即使在营养行会中饮食有细微差异的隐种之间，即使在样本量很小的情况下，这种方法也能够进行饮食区分。我们发现，在饮食中含有不同比例的“硬”猎物（如甲虫）和“软”猎物（如飞蛾）的食虫物种之间，微磨损结构存在显著差异，多变量分析能够仅根据它们的牙齿微磨损结构来区分不同饮食的物种。我们的研究结果表明，与之前对蝙蝠微磨损的二维分析相比，ISO粗糙度参数提供了更复杂的微磨损表面性质表征，并且可以产生更强大和微妙的饮食区分。因此，基于iso的牙齿微磨损纹理分析在现存和灭绝的哺乳动物的营养分析中发挥了有益的作用，补充了现有的方法。
Resource exploitation and competition for food are important selective pressures in animal evolution. A number of recent investigations have focused on linkages between diversification, trophic morphology and diet in bats, partly because their roosting habits mean that for many bat species diet can be quantified relatively easily through faecal analysis. Dietary analysis in mammals is otherwise invasive, complicated, time consuming and expensive. Here we present evidence from insectivorous bats that analysis of three-dimensional (3-D) textures of tooth microwear using International Organization for Standardization (ISO) roughness parameters derived from sub-micron surface data provides an additional, powerful tool for investigation of trophic resource exploitation in mammals. Our approach, like scale-sensitive fractal analysis, offers considerable advantages over two-dimensional (2-D) methods of microwear analysis, including improvements in robustness, repeatability and comparability of studies. Our results constitute the first analysis of microwear textures in carnivorous mammals based on ISO roughness parameters. They demonstrate that the method is capable of dietary discrimination, even between cryptic species with subtly different diets within trophic guilds, and even when sample sizes are small. We find significant differences in microwear textures between insectivore species whose diet contains different proportions of ‘hard’ prey (such as beetles) and ‘soft’ prey (such as moths), and multivariate analyses are able to distinguish between species with different diets based solely on their tooth microwear textures. Our results show that, compared with previous 2-D analyses of microwear in bats, ISO roughness parameters provide a much more sophisticated characterization of the nature of microwear surfaces and can yield more robust and subtle dietary discrimination. ISO-based textural analysis of tooth microwear thus has a useful role to play, complementing existing approaches, in trophic analysis of mammals, both extant and extinct.
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影响因子：
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