Optical imaging with dynamic contrast agents.
Optical imaging with dynamic contrast agents.
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DOI：
10.1002/chem.201002521
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发表时间：
2011-01-24
影响因子：
4.3
通讯作者：
Wei, Alexandeir
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Wei, Qingshan;Wei, Alexandeir
生物成像应用通常采用分子探针或纳米颗粒来增强对比度。然而，分辨率和检测仍然经常受到I样品固有异质性的限制，这可能会产生高水平的背景，使感兴趣的信号变得模糊。在这篇文章中，我们描述的方法，以克服这一障碍的基础上的概念，动态对比度，一个战略，阐明信号的抑制或消除背景噪声。动态对比机制可以大大降低造影剂的装载要求，并且对于单探头成像可能特别有用。动态对比模式也是平台无关的，并且可以增强复杂的生物医学成像系统或简单的光学显微镜的性能。动态对比分两个阶段执行：i）信号调制方案，以引入幅度或相位的时间相关变化，以及ii）用于信号恢复的解调步骤。光信号可以与磁性纳米颗粒、光可切换探针或等离子体共振纳米结构耦合，以分别通过磁动、光子或光热机制进行调制。关于图像解调，在电子和通信技术中为信号处理开发的许多策略也可以应用于数字图像的编辑。图像处理步骤可以像差分成像一样简单，或者可以涉及使用互相关算法进行去卷积的多个参考点。周期性信号特别适合基于傅立叶变换的图像解调策略;解调信号的对比度随着采集时间而增加，并且kHz范围内的调制频率是可能的。动态对比度是一个具有相当大发展空间的新兴话题，无论是在用于信号调制的分子或纳米级探针方面，还是在更有效的图像处理和编辑方法方面。
Biological imaging applications often employ molecular probes or nanoparticles for enhanced contrast. However, resolution and detection are still often limited by the intrinsic heterogeneity of the Isample, which can produce high levels of background that obscure the signals of interest. In this article we describe approaches to overcome this obstacle based on the concept of dynamic contrast, a strategy for elucidating signals by the suppression or removal of background noise. Dynamic contrast mechanisms can greatly reduce the loading requirement of contrast agents, and may be especially useful for single-probe imaging. Dynamic contrast modalities are also platform-independent, and can enhance the performance of sophisticated biomedical imaging systems or simple optical microscopes alike. Dynamic contrast is performed in two stages: i) a signal modulation scheme to introduce time-dependent changes in amplitude or phase, and ii) a demodulation step for signal recovery. Optical signals can be coupled with magnetic nanoparticles, photoswitchable probes, or plasmon-resonant nanostructures for modulation by magnetomotive, photonic, or photothermal mechanisms respectively. With respect to image demodulation, many of the strategies developed for signal processing in electronics and communication technologies can also be applied toward the editing of digital images. The image processing step can be as simple as differential imaging, or may involve multiple reference points for deconvolution using cross-correlation algorithms. Periodic signals are particularly amenable to image demodulation strategies based on Fourier transform; the contrast of the demodulated signal increases with acquisition time, and modulation frequencies in the kHz range are possible. Dynamic contrast is an emerging topic with considerable room for development, both with respect to molecular or nanoscale probes for signal modulation, and also to methods for more efficient image processing and editing.
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影响因子：
10.8
作者：
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通讯作者：
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DOI：
10.1073/pnas.0907866106
发表时间：
2009-12-29
影响因子：
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发表时间：
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影响因子：
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作者：
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多功能纳米颗粒作为耦合对比剂。
影响因子：
16.6
作者：
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