The DNA-sensing AIM2 inflammasome controls radiation-induced cell death and tissue injury.

The DNA-sensing AIM2 inflammasome controls radiation-induced cell death and tissue injury.
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DOI:
10.1126/science.aaf7532
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发表时间:
2016-11-11
期刊:
Science (New York, N.Y.)
影响因子:
--
通讯作者:
Flavell RA
Flavell RA
中科院分区:
其他
文献类型:
--
作者:
Hu B;Jin C;Li HB;Tong J;Ouyang X;Cetinbas NM;Zhu S;Strowig T;Lam FC;Zhao C;Henao-Mejia J;Yilmaz O;Fitzgerald KA;Eisenbarth SC;Elinav E;Flavell RA

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Acute exposure to ionizing radiation induces massive cell death and severe damage to tissues containing actively proliferating cells, including bone marrow and the gastrointestinal tract. However, the cellular and molecular mechanisms underlying this pathology remain controversial. Herein, we show that mice deficient in the double-strand DNA (dsDNA) sensor AIM2 are protected from both subtotal body irradiation-induced gastrointestinal syndrome and total body irradiation-induced hematopoietic failure. AIM2 mediates the caspase-1-dependent death of intestinal epithelial cells and bone marrow cells in response to dsDNA breaks caused by ionizing radiation and chemotherapeutic agents. Mechanistically, we found that AIM2 senses radiation-induced DNA damage in the nucleus to mediate inflammasome activation and cell death. Our results suggest that AIM2 may be a new therapeutic target for ionizing radiation exposure.
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