Explicit attention interferes with selective emotion processing in human extrastriate cortex.
Explicit attention interferes with selective emotion processing in human extrastriate cortex.
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DOI：
10.1186/1471-2202-8-16
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发表时间：
2007-02-22
期刊：
影响因子：
2.4
通讯作者：
Hamm AO
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Schupp HT;Stockburger J;Bublatzky F;Junghöfer M;Weike AI;Hamm AO
脑成像和事件相关电位研究为情绪刺激引导视觉加工中的选择性注意提供了强有力的证据。情绪注意力捕获的反映是与中性图像相比（刺激后约150-300 ms），愉快和不愉快的早期后负性（EPN）增加。本研究探讨了这种早期的情绪歧视是否反映了一种自动现象或受到干扰的竞争性处理需求。因此，情绪处理进行了评估，而参与者进行了并发的基于特征的注意力任务不同的处理需求。参与者成功地完成了主要的视觉注意任务，这是由行为表现和选择的事件相关电位成分（选择负性和P3 b）所揭示的。重复以前的结果，情绪调制的EPN中观察到的任务条件下，低加工要求。相反，愉快和不愉快的图片未能引起增加EPN振幅相比，中性图像在更困难的外显注意任务条件。进一步的分析表明，即使是在高情绪唤起的愉快和不愉快的图片的处理受到干扰的实验条件下，高任务要求。两者合计，执行要求高的基于特征的计数任务干扰差异的情绪处理索引的EPN。目前的研究结果表明，征税处理资源的竞争主要视觉注意任务显着衰减的早期歧视的情绪从中性的图片内容。因此，这些结果提供了进一步的经验支持竞争条件下的情绪-注意相互作用的干扰帐户。以往的研究表明，当注意资源指向明确的任务相关刺激时，选择性情绪加工会受到干扰。目前的数据表明，干扰情绪处理的竞争任务的要求是一个更普遍的现象延伸到域的特征为基础的注意。此外，结果与毫不费力的概念不一致，即，早期情绪辨别，尽管同时任务的要求。这些发现暗示着在特定方面的水平上评估假定的情绪处理的自动性，而不是将自动性视为一种全有或全无的现象。
Brain imaging and event-related potential studies provide strong evidence that emotional stimuli guide selective attention in visual processing. A reflection of the emotional attention capture is the increased Early Posterior Negativity (EPN) for pleasant and unpleasant compared to neutral images (~150–300 ms poststimulus). The present study explored whether this early emotion discrimination reflects an automatic phenomenon or is subject to interference by competing processing demands. Thus, emotional processing was assessed while participants performed a concurrent feature-based attention task varying in processing demands. Participants successfully performed the primary visual attention task as revealed by behavioral performance and selected event-related potential components (Selection Negativity and P3b). Replicating previous results, emotional modulation of the EPN was observed in a task condition with low processing demands. In contrast, pleasant and unpleasant pictures failed to elicit increased EPN amplitudes compared to neutral images in more difficult explicit attention task conditions. Further analyses determined that even the processing of pleasant and unpleasant pictures high in emotional arousal is subject to interference in experimental conditions with high task demand. Taken together, performing demanding feature-based counting tasks interfered with differential emotion processing indexed by the EPN. The present findings demonstrate that taxing processing resources by a competing primary visual attention task markedly attenuated the early discrimination of emotional from neutral picture contents. Thus, these results provide further empirical support for an interference account of the emotion-attention interaction under conditions of competition. Previous studies revealed the interference of selective emotion processing when attentional resources were directed to locations of explicitly task-relevant stimuli. The present data suggest that interference of emotion processing by competing task demands is a more general phenomenon extending to the domain of feature-based attention. Furthermore, the results are inconsistent with the notion of effortlessness, i.e., early emotion discrimination despite concurrent task demands. These findings implicate to assess the presumed automatic nature of emotion processing at the level of specific aspects rather than considering automaticity as an all-or-none phenomenon.
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