Optogenetic deconstruction of sleep-wake circuitry in the brain.

Optogenetic deconstruction of sleep-wake circuitry in the brain.
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DOI:
10.3389/neuro.02.031.2009
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发表时间:
2010
影响因子:
4.8
通讯作者:
de Lecea L
de Lecea L
中科院分区:
医学2区
文献类型:
--
作者:
Adamantidis A;Carter MC;de Lecea L

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大脑如何调节睡眠-觉醒周期?促进睡眠和觉醒的神经回路的时间代码是什么?这些回路在光/暗周期中如何相互作用?在过去的几十年里,来自不同学科的许多研究在回答这些基本问题方面取得了实质性进展。例如,神经生物学家已经在脑干、下丘脑和基底前脑中发现了多个冗余的唤醒促进回路。在视前区和下丘脑中发现了促进睡眠的回路。近年来最大的挑战之一是以高的空间和时间分辨率选择性地记录和操纵这些睡眠-觉醒中心。基于微生物视蛋白的神经调节工具(统称为“光遗传学”)的最新发展提供了一种新方法来证明神经活动和特定行为之间的因果关系。在这里,我们建议使用光遗传学作为一种基本工具来探索睡眠和觉醒调节中定义的神经回路的必要性,充分性和连通性。
How does the brain regulate the sleep–wake cycle? What are the temporal codes of sleep and wake-promoting neural circuits? How do these circuits interact with each other across the light/dark cycle? Over the past few decades, many studies from a variety of disciplines have made substantial progress in answering these fundamental questions. For example, neurobiologists have identified multiple, redundant wake-promoting circuits in the brainstem, hypothalamus, and basal forebrain. Sleep-promoting circuits have been found in the preoptic area and hypothalamus. One of the greatest challenges in recent years has been to selectively record and manipulate these sleep–wake centers in vivo with high spatial and temporal resolution. Recent developments in microbial opsin-based neuromodulation tools, collectively referred to as “optogenetics,” have provided a novel method to demonstrate causal links between neural activity and specific behaviors. Here, we propose to use optogenetics as a fundamental tool to probe the necessity, sufficiency, and connectivity of defined neural circuits in the regulation of sleep and wakefulness.
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