Non-B variants of HIV-1 in San Francisco, California.
Non-B variants of HIV-1 in San Francisco, California.
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DOI：
10.1016/j.meegid.2020.104677
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发表时间：
2021-06
影响因子：
3.2
通讯作者：
Truong, Hong-Ha M.
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
O'Keefe, Kara J.;Pipkin, Sharon;Fatch, Robin;Scheer, Susan;Liegler, Teri;McFarland, Willi;Grant, Robert M.;Truong, Hong-Ha M.
在美国，艾滋病毒-1的流行历来是由B亚型主导的。美国大多数城市没有广泛研究艾滋病毒亚型多样性，以确定非B变种是否已经确定，就像在许多其他全球地区观察到的那样。我们描述了非B类变种的多样性，并提出了旧金山非B类艾滋病毒局部传播的证据。将2000年至2016年从患者身上收集的病毒序列与旧金山艾滋病毒/艾滋病病例登记处进行了匹配。用彗星试验确定HIV亚型。使用A、C、D、G、CRF01_AE、CRF02_AG和CRF07_BC亚型的Pol区重建系统发育树，参考序列来自LANL HIV数据库。用多变量Logistic回归分析非B亚型和循环重组形式(CRF)与患者特征的相关性。在11,381个序列中，10,669个来自7,235个注册病例，其中141个(2%)具有非B亚型和CRF，72个(1%)具有独特的重组形式。CRF01_AE型(0.8%)和C亚型(0.5%)是最常见的非B型。在2000-2016年间，旧金山非B亚型和CRF的频率增加。在146个涉及非B类研究序列的传播事件中，18%表明研究人群中的局部传播，74%似乎是病毒的向内迁移。与7,016例仅有B亚型的病例相比，141例具有非B序列的病例更有可能是非美国出生国家(AOR=11.02；P<；0.001)，亚洲/太平洋岛民种族/民族(AOR=3.17；P<；0.001)，并在2009年后确诊(AOR=4.81；P<；0.001)。结果表明，大多数非B型病毒感染很可能是在美国以外获得的，非B型病毒的本地传播已经发生，但到目前为止还没有形成广泛的传播网络。因此，非B变种在旧金山并没有广泛存在，这一观察结果与世界各地流行更多样化的城市不同。
The HIV-1 epidemic in the US has historically been dominated by subtype B. HIV subtype diversity has not been extensively examined in most US cities to determine whether non-B variants have become established, as has been observed in many other global regions. We describe the diversity of non-B variants and present evidence of local transmission of non-B HIV in San Francisco. Viral sequences collected from patients between 2000 and 2016 were matched to the San Francisco HIV/AIDS case registry. HIV subtype was determined using COMET. Phylogenies were reconstructed using the pol region of subtypes A, C, D, G, CRF01_AE, CRF02_AG, and CRF07_BC, with reference sequences from the LANL HIV database. Associations of non-B subtypes and circulating recombinant forms (CRFs) with patient characteristics were assessed using multivariable logistic regression. Out of 11,381 sequences, 10,669 were from 7,235 registry cases, of which 141 (2%) had non-B subtypes and CRFs and 72 (1%) had unique recombinant forms. CRF01_AE (0.8%) and subtype C (0.5%) were the most prevalent non-B forms. The frequency of non-B subtypes and CRFs increased in San Francisco during years 2000-2016. Out of 146 transmission events involving non-B study sequences, 18% indicated local transmission within the study population and 74% appeared to be inward migration of the virus. Compared to 7,016 cases with only subtype B, 141 cases with non-B sequences were more likely to be of non-US country of birth (aOR=11.02; p<0.001), of Asian/Pacific-Islander race/ethnicity (aOR=3.17; p<0.001), and diagnosed after 2009 (aOR=4.81; p<0.001). Results suggest that most non-B infections were likely acquired outside the US and that local transmission of non-B forms has occurred but so far has not produced extensive transmission networks. Thus, non-B variants were not widely established in San Francisco, an observation that differs from cities worldwide with more diverse epidemics.
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影响因子：
5.3
作者：
Dennis AM;Hué S;Learner E;Sebastian J;Miller WC;Eron JJ
通讯作者：
Eron JJ
DOI：
10.1097/qad.0b013e328342ff93
发表时间：
2011-03-13
期刊：
AIDS (London, England)
影响因子：
--
作者：
Hemelaar J;Gouws E;Ghys PD;Osmanov S;WHO-UNAIDS Network for HIV Isolation and Characterisation
通讯作者：
WHO-UNAIDS Network for HIV Isolation and Characterisation
影响因子：
2
作者：
Heinze, Georg
通讯作者：
Heinze, Georg
DOI：
10.1097/01.qai.0000179430.34660.11
发表时间：
2006-02-01
影响因子：
3.6
作者：
Aggarwal, I;Smith, M;Easterbrook, PJ
通讯作者：
Easterbrook, PJ
哮喘儿童的鼻咽微生物组多样性随着时间的流逝而变化。
影响因子：
3.7
作者：
Pérez-Losada M;Alamri L;Crandall KA;Freishtat RJ
通讯作者：
Freishtat RJ