The Energy and Mass Balance of Peruvian Glaciers
The Energy and Mass Balance of Peruvian Glaciers
复制标题
秘鲁冰川的能量和质量平衡
DOI：
10.1029/2021jd034911
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发表时间：
2021
期刊：
影响因子：
--
通讯作者：
Fyffe C
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Fyffe C
秘鲁冰川是农业和水电旱季径流的重要贡献者，但由于气候变化，它们面临着消失的风险。我们在秘鲁科迪勒拉斯布兰卡和比尔卡诺塔的五个冰川上应用了一个基于物理的能量平衡融化模型。净短波辐射占主导地位的能量平衡，尽管这个通量在旱季较高，融化率较低，由于净长波辐射和潜热通量的损失。感热通量对熔体能量的贡献相对较小。在三个网站的雨季积雪是不连续的，形成和融化在每天到每周的时间尺度，并导致高度可变的融化率密切相关的降水动态。由于夏拉普冰川（白色山脉）的强拉尼娜年导致的冷空气温度导致了连续的雨季积雪，大大减少了雨季消融。在奎尔卡亚冰帽（Cordillera Vilcanota）堆积区的最高点，升华是最重要的，占消融量的81%，而其他地点的消融量为2%-4%。大气温度和降水输入扰动调查的气候敏感性的五个冰川。在较低的网站温暖的空气温度导致从降雪到降雨的开关，使消融增加通过减少在短波净辐射和增加。在顶部的Quelccaya冰帽变暖导致融化，以取代升华，使消融增加非线性与空气温度。
Peruvian glaciers are important contributors to dry season runoff for agriculture and hydropower, but they are at risk of disappearing due to climate change. We applied a physically based, energy balance melt model at five on‐glacier sites within the Peruvian Cordilleras Blanca and Vilcanota. Net shortwave radiation dominates the energy balance, and despite this flux being higher in the dry season, melt rates are lower due to losses from net longwave radiation and the latent heat flux. The sensible heat flux is a relatively small contributor to melt energy. At three of the sites the wet season snowpack was discontinuous, forming and melting within a daily to weekly timescale, and resulting in highly variable melt rates closely related to precipitation dynamics. Cold air temperatures due to a strong La Niña year at Shallap Glacier (Cordillera Blanca) resulted in a continuous wet season snowpack, significantly reducing wet season ablation. Sublimation was most important at the highest site in the accumulation zone of the Quelccaya Ice Cap (Cordillera Vilcanota), accounting for 81% of ablation, compared to 2%–4% for the other sites. Air temperature and precipitation inputs were perturbed to investigate the climate sensitivity of the five glaciers. At the lower sites warmer air temperatures resulted in a switch from snowfall to rain, so that ablation was increased via the decrease in albedo and increase in net shortwave radiation. At the top of Quelccaya Ice Cap warming caused melting to replace sublimation so that ablation increased nonlinearly with air temperature.
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南美洲智利安第斯山脉的冰川库存和近期冰川变化
影响因子：
2.9
作者：
G. Barcaza;S. U. Nussbaumer;G. Tapia;Javier Valdés;J. García;Yohan Videla;Á. Albornoz;Víctor Arias
通讯作者：
Víctor Arias
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DOI：
--
发表时间：
2002
期刊：
影响因子：
--
作者：
J. Sicart;P. Ribstein;J. Chazarin;E. Berthier
通讯作者：
E. Berthier
影响因子：
5.2
作者：
Maussion, F.;Gurgiser, W.;Marzeion, B.
通讯作者：
Marzeion, B.
DOI：
--
发表时间：
2010
期刊：
--
影响因子：
--
作者：
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通讯作者：
J. Oerlemans
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DOI：
10.1002/joc.3679
发表时间：
2014
期刊：
International Journal of Climatology
影响因子：
--
作者：
L. B. Perry;A. Seimon;G. M. Kelly
通讯作者：
G. M. Kelly