Tackling chronic kidney disease in diabetic patients with finerenone.

Tackling chronic kidney disease in diabetic patients with finerenone.
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DOI:
10.1016/j.tips.2022.05.003
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发表时间:
2022-09
影响因子:
13.8
通讯作者:
Daehn, Ilse S.
Daehn, Ilse S.
中科院分区:
医学1区
文献类型:
--
作者:
Das, Bhaskar;Daehn, Ilse S.

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作用机制:盐皮质激素受体 (MR) 是一种配体控制的转录因子,在心脏、脉管系统和肾脏等组织中表达。在糖尿病环境中,慢性 MR 激活促进促纤维化和炎症基因的表达以及与肾脏和心血管疾病进展有关的信号通路的激活。在肾脏中,不同肾小球、肾小管和血管肾细胞类型的慢性 MR 过度激活会导致纤维化、蛋白尿、肾功能受损,并最终导致终末期肾衰竭。在心脏中,MR 过度激活与心血管死亡和发病相关。醛固酮是一种盐皮质激素类固醇激素,在血压、血浆钠和钾离子水平的稳态调节中发挥着核心作用,通过细胞内 MR 发挥作用。醛固酮释放升高、高盐负荷会增加活性氧 (ROS)、血流动力学因素或导致 MR 过度激活的炎症和纤维化因素的产生。 Finerenone 已被证明可以阻止醛固酮导致 MR 过度激活的有害影响。 Finerenone 被认为是一种大体积的 MR 拮抗剂,可能会导致 MR C 端结构域中螺旋 12 的突出或构象变化,这对于 MR 靶基因启动子上转录辅助因子 SRC-1 的募集至关重要。 MR 共激活剂结合的抑制也可能在醛固酮不存在的情况下发生。在心脏和脉管系统中,finerenone 已被证明可以改善冠状血管舒张、左心室灌注并减少胶原蛋白沉积。在肾脏中,MR 与 Finerenone 的拮抗作用可显着改善肾小球损伤,从而减少蛋白尿和肾小管间质纤维化。 Finerenone 被证明可以减少病理性肌成纤维细胞的积累,恢复血管
MECHANISM OF ACTION: Mineralocorticoid receptor (MR) is a ligand-controlled transcription factor expressed in the heart, vasculature and kidneys amongst other tissues. In diabetic milieu, chronic MR activation promotes expression of pro-fibrotic and inflammatory genes and activation of signaling pathways implicated in kidney and cardiovascular disease progression. In the kidney, chronic MR overactivation in different glomerular, tubular and vascular renal cell types result in fibrosis, proteinuria, impaired kidney function and eventually end-stage kidney failure. In the heart, MR overactivation is associated with cardiovascular death and morbidity. Aldosterone, a mineralocorticoid steroid hormone, which plays a central role in the homeostatic regulation of blood pressure, plasma sodium and potassium ion levels, acts via intracellular MR. Elevated aldosterone release, high salt load, increases the generation of reactive oxygen species (ROS), hemodynamic factors, or inflammatory and fibrotic factors driving MR overactivation. Finerenone has been shown to block the harmful effects of MR overactivation by aldosterone. Finerenone, considered a bulky MR antagonist may cause a protrusion or conformational change of helix 12—critical for recruitment of transcriptional cofactor, SRC-1, on the promoter of MR target genes—in the C-terminal domain of MR. Inhibition of MR coactivator binding may occur also in the absence of aldosterone. In the heart and vasculature, finerenone has been shown to improve coronary vasodilation, left ventricle perfusion and reduced collagen deposition. In the kidney, antagonism of MR with finerenone substantially ameliorates glomerular damage reducing proteinuria and tubulointerstitial fibrosis. Finerenone was shown to decrease pathological myofibroblast accumulation, restore vascular
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