Burden of medically attended influenza infection and cases averted by vaccination - United States, 2016/17 through 2018/19 influenza seasons.
Burden of medically attended influenza infection and cases averted by vaccination - United States, 2016/17 through 2018/19 influenza seasons.
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DOI：
10.1016/j.vaccine.2022.11.011
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发表时间：
2022-12-12
期刊：
影响因子：
5.5
通讯作者：
Chung JR
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Jackson ML;Phillips CH;Wellwood S;Kiniry E;Jackson LA;Martin ET;Monto AS;McLean HQ;Belongia EA;Gaglani M;Dunnigan K;Raiyani C;Murthy K;Flannery B;Chung JR
季节性流感的流行每年的强度不同，流感疫苗的有效性（VE）部分基于与流行病毒的抗原匹配而波动。我们估计了流感的发病率和流感病例的预防接种在美国的四个门诊护理点，在季节期间，当整体流感VE范围从29%到40%。我们在美国流感疫苗有效性网络的四个站点的门诊护理环境中对流感进行了主动监测。我们根据这些组织服务的源人群中接受医疗护理的急性呼吸道疾病的发病率和积极进行流感检测的人群中的流感检测结果，推断出源人群中流感病例的总数。我们根据发病率、疫苗覆盖率和VE估计了经医疗护理而避免的流感病例数量。从2016/17年到2018/19年，实验室确诊流感的门诊就诊率范围为每1,000人31至51人。9-17岁儿童的发病率最高（范围为每千人56至81例），18-49岁成人的发病率最低（范围为每千人23至32例）。通过接种疫苗避免的就医病例范围从6个月至8岁儿童中每1，000名接种者46.6例（95%CI，12.1- 91.9）到≥65岁成人中每1，000名接种者6.9例（95%CI，−5.1- 27.3）不等。即使在特定病毒亚型的疫苗有效性较低的季节，流感疫苗仍然可以导致流感门诊就诊的临床有意义的减少。
Epidemics of seasonal influenza vary in intensity annually, and influenza vaccine effectiveness (VE) fluctuates based in part on antigenic match to circulating viruses. We estimated the incidence of influenza and influenza cases averted by vaccination in four ambulatory care sites in the United States, during seasons when overall influenza VE ranged from 29% to 40%. We conducted active surveillance for influenza at ambulatory care settings at four sites within the United States Influenza Vaccine Effectiveness Network. We extrapolated the total number of influenza cases in the source populations served by these organizations based on incidence of medically attended acute respiratory illness in the source population and influenza test results in those actively tested for influenza. We estimated the number of medically attended influenza cases averted based on incidence, vaccine coverage, and VE. From 2016/17 through 2018/19, incidence of ambulatory visits for laboratory-confirmed influenza ranged from 31 to 51 per 1,000 population. Incidence was highest in children aged 9–17 years (range, 56 to 81 per 1,000) and lowest in adults aged 18–49 years (range, 23–32 per 1,000). Medically attended cases averted by vaccination ranged from a high of 46.6 (95% CI, 12.1– 91.9) per 1,000 vaccinees in children aged 6 months to 8 years, to a low of 6.9 (95% CI, −5.1– 27.3) per 1,000 vaccinees in adults aged ≥65 years. Even in seasons with low vaccine effectiveness for a particular virus subtype, influenza vaccines can still lead to clinically meaningful reductions in ambulatory care visits for influenza.
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影响因子：
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