Impact of structural aberrancy of polysialic acid and its synthetic enzyme ST8SIA2 in schizophrenia.
Impact of structural aberrancy of polysialic acid and its synthetic enzyme ST8SIA2 in schizophrenia.
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DOI：
10.3389/fncel.2013.00061
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发表时间：
2013
影响因子：
5.3
通讯作者：
Kitajima K
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Sato C;Kitajima K
精神障碍是一组损害高级认知功能的人类疾病。全基因组分析最近已经确定了几种精神疾病的易感基因，包括精神分裂症。在已报道的与精神疾病有关的基因中，编码参与细胞表面聚唾液酸（polySia或PSA）生物合成的聚唾液酸转移酶的基因因其在情绪、学习、记忆、昼夜节律和行为中的潜在作用而引起关注。PolySia是一种时空修饰神经细胞粘附分子（NCAM）的独特聚合物，主要存在于胚胎脑中，尽管它持续存在于成人脑的神经可塑性、神经连接重塑或神经生成正在进行的区域，如海马、脑室下区（SVZ）、丘脑、前额皮质和杏仁核。PolySia被认为参与调节细胞-细胞相互作用;然而，最近的证据表明，它也参与离子通道和神经活性分子的功能调节，如脑源性神经营养因子（BDNF），FGF 2和多巴胺（DA），这些分子与精神疾病密切相关。本文就多聚唾液酸转移酶（ST 8 SIA 2/ST 8 SiaII/STX/Siat 8B）及其产物polySia与精神分裂症的关系进行综述。
Psychiatric disorders are a group of human diseases that impair higher cognitive functions. Whole-genomic analyses have recently identified susceptibility genes for several psychiatric disorders, including schizophrenia. Among the genes reported to be involved in psychiatric disorders, a gene encoding a polysialyltransferase involved in the biosynthesis of polysialic acid (polySia or PSA) on cell surfaces has attracted attention for its potential role in emotion, learning, memory, circadian rhythm, and behaviors. PolySia is a unique polymer that spatio-temporally modifies neural cell adhesion molecule (NCAM) and is predominantly found in embryonic brains, although it persists in areas of the adult brain where neural plasticity, remodeling of neural connections, or neural generation is ongoing, such as the hippocampus, subventricular zone (SVZ), thalamus, prefrontal cortex, and amygdala. PolySia is thought to be involved in the regulation of cell-cell interactions; however, recent evidence suggests that it is also involved in the functional regulation of ion channels and neurologically active molecules, such as Brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF), FGF2, and dopamine (DA) that are deeply involved in psychiatric disorders. In this review, the possible involvement of polysialyltransferase (ST8SIA2/ST8SiaII/STX/Siat8B) and its enzymatic product, polySia, in schizophrenia is discussed.
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影响因子：
3.7
作者：
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