Designing Value Chains of Plastic and Paper Carrier Bags for a Sustainable and Circular Economy
Designing Value Chains of Plastic and Paper Carrier Bags for a Sustainable and Circular Economy
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设计塑料和纸质手提袋的价值链，实现可持续和循环经济
DOI：
10.1021/acssuschemeng.1c05562
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发表时间：
2021
影响因子：
8.4
通讯作者：
Bakshi, Bhavik R.
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Thakker, Vyom;Bakshi, Bhavik R.
可持续循环经济（SCE）的进展对于减少自然资源的大规模开采和环境中人造材料的堆积至关重要。购物袋是废弃和管理不善的塑料废物的重要组成部分，其价值可以通过 SCE 保留。我们之前的工作中开发的新颖的设计框架已应用于基于上层建筑网络设计最佳价值链，该网络包含一些当前可用的手提袋替代品的从摇篮到摇篮的生命周期。凭借使用全局优化方法，采用设计框架可以系统地探索大量场景以及多种替代方案的组合。全球变暖潜力和生命周期成本等生命周期指标得到了一种新颖的通用循环指标的补充，该指标旨在衡量（a）经济回报和（b）生态再生。这些指标构成了框架的目标，帕累托最优解决方案可以量化在为这些 SCE 目标进行设计时存在的权衡，而无需分配任意权重。在此过程中，使用系统的从摇篮到摇篮的设计方法量化了长期存在的纸张与塑料的困境，并找到了 SCE 的最佳价值链改革。还对生物基聚乳酸袋的前景进行了研究。我们还可以肯定，先进的机械回收技术以及社会变革和价值链改革的政策行动可以在 SCE 目标领域带来双赢的解决方案。研究得出的一些一般性结论如下：低密度聚乙烯袋（可重复使用 10 次）在最大限度地减少全球变暖潜力和生命周期成本方面表现最好，可回收的一次性高密度聚乙烯袋具有最高的经济循环性，而填埋的纸袋则具有最大的生态循环性，因为它们很容易堆肥以将营养物质返回环境。权衡解决方案是从帕累托表面找到的，以实现最佳的妥协，它包含纸和可重复使用的塑料袋的组合。据观察，回收材料对原始材料的替代性不断提高，有利于生物基聚乳酸袋的使用。还找到了最佳价值链的大气排放和循环的热点部门，这可以帮助将研究引导到重要的活动上。
Progress toward a sustainable and circular economy (SCE) is crucial to mitigate the large-scale exploitation of natural resources and the pile-up of man-made materials in the environment. Carrier bags form a large component of discarded and mismanaged plastic waste whose value can be retained through a SCE. A novel design framework developed in our previous work, has been applied to design optimal value chains based on a superstructure network containing cradle-to-cradle life cycles of some currently available carrier bag alternatives. Employing the design framework allows systematic exploration of a large number of scenarios with combinations of numerous alternatives, by virtue of using global optimization methods. Life-cycle metrics such as global warming potential and life-cycle cost have been supplemented with a novel general circularity metric that is formulated to measure (a) economic returns and (b) ecological regeneration. These metrics constitute the objectives of the framework, and pareto optimal solutions are found to quantify trade-offs present while designing for these SCE objectives, without assigning arbitrary weights. In doing so, the long-standing paper versus plastic dilemma is quantified using systematic cradle-to-cradle design approaches, and optimal value-chain reforms for SCE are found. The prospects of biobased polylactic acid bags are also studied. We are also able to affirm that advancing technologies for mechanical recycling and policy action for societal-change and value-chain reforms can lead to win–win solutions in the SCE objective domains. Some general conclusions derived from the study are as follows: low-density polyethylene bags (with 10 reuses) perform best in minimizing global warming potential and life-cycle cost, single-use high-density polyethene bags with recycling give the highest economic circularity, whereas paper bags being landfilled lead to the most ecological circularity as they readily compost to return nutrients to the environment. Trade-off solutions are found from pareto surfaces in order to achieve the best possible compromise, and it contains combination of paper and reusable plastic bags. It is observed that increasing substitutability of virgin material with recycled material favors use of biobased polylactic acid bags. Hot spot sectors for atmospheric emissions and circularity are also found for optimal value chains, which can help direct research toward activities of importance.
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现有消费后塑料回收流中的生物聚合物
影响因子：
5.3
作者：
D. D. Cornell
通讯作者：
D. D. Cornell
瑞典塑料购物袋管理的可持续商业模式
DOI：
--
发表时间：
2017
期刊：
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影响因子：
--
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影响因子：
4.8
作者：
Khoo, Hsien Hui;Tan, Reginald B. H.;Chng, Kevin W. L.
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Chng, Kevin W. L.
影响因子：
8.1
作者：
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DOI：
--
发表时间：
2016
期刊：
影响因子：
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作者：
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