Domestic gardens and self-reported health: a national population study.
Domestic gardens and self-reported health: a national population study.
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家庭花园和自我报告的健康：一项全国人口研究。
DOI：
10.1186/s12942-018-0148-6
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发表时间：
2018-07-31
影响因子：
4.9
通讯作者：
Maheswaran R
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Brindley P;Jorgensen A;Maheswaran R
人们越来越认识到自然环境对健康的好处。虽然家庭花园在城市绿地中占很大比例，但很少有研究，也没有人口水平的研究，调查了其潜在的健康益处。花园在我们家门口提供了与大自然的直接互动，我们假设花园的大小会影响总体健康较小的家庭花园与较差的健康相关。根据2001年和2011年英国人口普查的数据，使用两个独立的分析进行了小面积的生态设计。英格兰的城市人口根据贫困程度（多重贫困指数）和平均花园面积（通用土地利用数据库）被划分为五分之一。自我报告的一般健康状况来自英国人口普查。我们控制了绿地暴露、人口密度、空气污染、房价、吸烟和地理位置。对模型进行分层以探索相关性。较小的家庭花园与自我报告的健康状况不佳的患病率较高有关。与拥有最大花园的五分位数相比，拥有最小平均花园的五分位数的自我报告的总体健康状况较差的校正患病率为1.13（95%CI 1.12-1.14）。此外，分析表明，在花园较小的地区，与收入有关的健康不平等更大。与收入最低的五分之一人口相比，收入最低的五分之一人口自我报告的一般健康状况较差的调整后患病率在花园最小的地区为1.72（95% CI 1.64-1.79），而在花园最大的地区为1.31（95% CI 1.21-1.42）。有小型家庭花园的地区的居民因收入被剥夺而健康状况不佳/健康不平等的程度最高。虽然因果关系需要确认，但对新住房的影响是，适当的花园大小可能是减少社会经济健康不平等的重要手段。这些研究结果表明，持续的城市密集化趋势和新住宅中花园最少可能对健康产生不利影响。本文的在线版本（10.1186/s12942-018-0148-6）包含补充材料，可供授权用户使用。
There is a growing recognition of the health benefits of the natural environment. Whilst domestic gardens account for a significant proportion of greenspace in urban areas, few studies, and no population level studies, have investigated their potential health benefits. With gardens offering immediate interaction with nature on our doorsteps, we hypothesise that garden size will affect general health—with smaller domestic gardens associated with poorer health. A small area ecological design was undertaken using two separate analyses based on data from the 2001 and 2011 UK census. The urban population of England was classified into ‘quintiles’ based on deprivation (Index of Multiple Deprivation) and average garden size (Generalised Land Use Database). Self-reported general health was obtained from the UK population census. We controlled for greenspace exposure, population density, air pollution, house prices, smoking, and geographic location. Models were stratified to explore the associations. Smaller domestic gardens were associated with a higher prevalence of self-reported poor health. The adjusted prevalence ratio of poor self-reported general health for the quintile with smallest average garden size was 1.13 (95% CI 1.12–1.14) relative to the quintile with the largest gardens. Additionally, the analysis suggested that income-related inequalities in health were greater in areas with smaller gardens. The adjusted prevalence ratio for poor self-reported general health for the most income deprived quintile compared against the least deprived was 1.72 (95% CI 1.64–1.79) in the areas with the smallest gardens, compared to 1.31 (95% CI 1.21–1.42) in areas with the largest gardens. Residents of areas with small domestic gardens have the highest levels of poor health/health inequality related to income deprivation. Although causality needs to be confirmed, the implications for new housing are that adequate garden sizes may be an important means of reducing socioeconomic health inequalities. These findings suggest that the trend for continued urban densification and new housing with minimal gardens could have adverse impacts on health. The online version of this article (10.1186/s12942-018-0148-6) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users.
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