Human pluripotent stem cell-based organoids and cell platforms for modelling SARS-CoV-2 infection and drug discovery.
Human pluripotent stem cell-based organoids and cell platforms for modelling SARS-CoV-2 infection and drug discovery.
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DOI：
10.1016/j.scr.2021.102207
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发表时间：
2021-05
影响因子：
1.2
通讯作者：
Chen S
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Giani AM;Chen S
hpsc衍生的细胞/类器官是研究SARS-CoV-2感染趋向性的新兴工具。hpsc衍生的细胞/类器官为检查细胞对SARS-CoV-2感染的反应提供了重要工具。hpsc衍生的细胞/类器官可用于筛选COVID-19患者的候选药物。由新型严重急性呼吸系统综合征冠状病毒2 （SARS-CoV-2）引起的2019年冠状病毒病（COVID-19）全球大流行已影响到全球200多个国家和地区，造成250多万人死亡。在迫切寻求治疗和疫苗的过程中，基于人类干细胞的研究模型正成为研究SARS-CoV-2感染机制和不同组织细胞反应的重要工具。在这里，我们概述了SARS-CoV-2研究中采用的各种基于人类多能干细胞的平台，包括单层培养物和类器官，它们在体外模拟了多种受影响的组织。我们强调了这些平台的优势，包括它们在评估SARS-CoV-2的易感细胞类型和发病机制方面的应用。除了讨论它们在全面概括COVID-19病理生理学方面的局限性外，我们还描述了它们用于确定候选药物以供进一步研究的用途。总体而言，干细胞模型正在促进对SARS-CoV-2的理解，并被证明是研究感染的通用平台。
hPSC-derived cells/organoids are emerging tools to study the tropism of SARS-CoV-2 infection. hPSC-derived cells/organoids provide crucial tools to examine cellular response to SARS-CoV-2 infection. hPSC-derived cells/organoids can be applied to screen for drug candidates for COVID-19 patients. The coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) global pandemic caused by the novel severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) has affected over 200 countries and territories worldwide and resulted in more than 2.5 million deaths. In a pressing search for treatments and vaccines, research models based on human stem cells are emerging as crucial tools to investigate SARS-CoV-2 infection mechanisms and cellular responses across different tissues. Here, we provide an overview of the variety of human pluripotent stem cell-based platforms adopted in SARS-CoV-2 research, comprising monolayer cultures and organoids, which model the multitude of affected tissues in vitro. We highlight the strengths of these platforms, including their application to assess both the susceptible cell types and the pathogenesis of SARS-CoV-2. We describe their use to identify drug candidates for further investigation in addition to discussing their limitations in fully recapitulating COVID-19 pathophysiology. Overall, stem cell models are facilitating the understanding of SARS-CoV-2 and prove to be versatile platforms for studying infections.
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