The details in the distributions: why and how to study phenotypic variability.
The details in the distributions: why and how to study phenotypic variability.
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DOI：
10.1016/j.copbio.2013.03.010
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发表时间：
2013-08
影响因子：
7.7
通讯作者：
Siegal, M. L.
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Geiler-Samerotte, K. A.;Bauer, C. R.;Li, S.;Ziv, N.;Gresham, D.;Siegal, M. L.
即使细胞之间的遗传和环境差异被减少到最大可能的程度，表型变异也是存在的。例如，遗传上相同的细菌对抗生素表现出不同程度的耐药性，克隆酵母菌群表现出形态和生长速度的异质性，来自同一胚胎的小鼠卵裂球在基因表达上具有随机差异。然而，同基因生物中存在的表型的分布往往被忽视，相反，许多研究集中在人口聚集，如平均值。这些分布的细节与不同领域的主要问题有关，包括抗菌药物和化疗耐药性的演变。我们审查新兴的实验和统计技术，允许严格的分析表型变异，从而可能导致整个生物科学的进步。
Phenotypic variability is present even when genetic and environmental differences between cells are reduced to the greatest possible extent. For example, genetically identical bacteria display differing levels of resistance to antibiotics, clonal yeast populations demonstrate morphological and growth-rate heterogeneity, and mouse blastomeres from the same embryo have stochastic differences in gene expression. However, the distributions of phenotypes present among isogenic organisms are often overlooked; instead, many studies focus on population aggregates such as the mean. The details of these distributions are relevant to major questions in diverse fields, including the evolution of antimicrobial-drug and chemotherapy resistance. We review emerging experimental and statistical techniques that allow rigorous analysis of phenotypic variability and thereby may lead to advances across the biological sciences.
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