Factors associated with physicians' choice of a career in research: a retrospective report 15 years after medical school graduation.
Factors associated with physicians' choice of a career in research: a retrospective report 15 years after medical school graduation.
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与医生在研究职业中选择相关的因素：医学院毕业后15年的回顾性报告。
DOI：
10.1007/s10459-016-9678-5
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发表时间：
2017-03
影响因子：
4
通讯作者：
Dienstag, Jules L.
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Krupat, Edward;Camargo, Carlos A., Jr.;Strewler, Gordon J.;Espinola, Janice A.;Fleenor, Thomas J., Jr.;Dienstag, Jules L.
相对知之甚少的是与执业医师之间的研究职业生涯的选择相关的因素，这个问题的大多数调查已经进行了理论/概念模型的情况下。因此，我们设计了一个调查，以确定决定从事生物医学研究事业的计划行为理论和刻板印象威胁的概念的基础上。从2012年10月到2014年1月，电子调查被发送到1996-1999年连续四个哈佛医学院毕业班。受访者提供了人口统计信息，表明他们目前的研究参与，并提供了他们的经验和态度的回顾性报告，当他们完成医学院的职业选择。多变量有序回归被用来识别与当前研究参与独立相关的因素。共收到358份完成的问卷（回复率65%）。在未调整的分析中，与更广泛的研究参与相关的变量包括非少数民族地位，男性，毕业时较低的债务，毕业时对研究的强烈态度，以及更大的社会压力来追求研究（所有P<.001）。多因素回归分析显示，上述相关性仍有显著性意义（P均<0.01）。然而，性别和先前的研究出版物之间的相互作用也被检测到，这表明在医学院期间更广泛的研究参与使女性从事研究职业的可能性增加了一倍（OR 2.53，95%CI 1.00-6.40; P=0.05）。大多数预测研究职业选择的因素涉及的因素是潜在的可修改的，这表明适当设计的行为干预可能有助于扩大生物医学研究界的规模和多样性。
Relatively little is known regarding factors associated with the choice of a research career among practicing physicians, and most investigations of this issue have been conducted in the absence of a theoretical/conceptual model. Therefore we designed a survey to identify the determinants of decisions to pursue a biomedical research career based upon the Theory of Planned Behavior and the concept of stereotype threat. From October 2012 through January 2014 electronic surveys were sent to four consecutive Harvard Medical School graduating classes, 1996-1999. Respondents provided demographic information, indicated their current research involvement, and provided retrospective reports of their experiences and attitudes when they were making career choices as they completed medical school. Multivariable ordinal regression was used to identify factors independently associated with current research involvement. Completed questionnaires were received from 358 respondents (response rate 65%). In unadjusted analyses, variables associated with more extensive research involvement included non-minority status, male gender, lower debt at graduation, strong attitudes toward research at time of graduation, and greater social pressures to pursue research (all P<.001). These associations remained significant in multivariable regression analysis (all P<0.01). However, an interaction between sex and prior research publications was also detected, indicating that more extensive research involvement during medical school doubled the likelihood of a research career for women (OR 2.53, 95%CI 1.00-6.40; P=0.05). Most of the factors predicting research career choice involve factors that are potentially modifiable, suggesting that appropriately designed behavioral interventions may help to expand the size and diversity of the biomedical research community.
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