A lysosomal regulatory circuit essential for the development and function of microglia.

A lysosomal regulatory circuit essential for the development and function of microglia.
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小胶质细胞发展和功能必不可少的溶酶体调节回路。

DOI:
10.1126/sciadv.abp8321
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发表时间:
2022-09-02
期刊:
影响因子:
13.6
通讯作者:
--
中科院分区:
综合性期刊1区
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--
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小胶质细胞作为中枢神经系统的主要吞噬细胞,通过精细地调节其溶酶体活性来促进大脑发育和体内平衡。然而,溶酶体活性与小胶质细胞发育、趋化性和功能协调的机制尚不清楚。在这里,我们发现胚胎巨噬细胞需要溶酶体鸟苷三磷酸酶(GTPase) RagA和GTPase激活蛋白卵泡蛋白来定植斑马鱼的大脑。我们证明,raga突变体的胚胎巨噬细胞溶酶体基因表达增加,但免疫和趋化相关基因表达显著下调。此外,我们发现RagA和卵泡蛋白抑制巨噬细胞谱系中关键的溶酶体转录因子Tfeb及其同源物Tfe3a和Tfe3b。通过RNA测序,我们确定Tfeb和Tfe3是在应激条件下激活溶酶体靶基因所必需的,而不是溶酶体途径基础表达所必需的。总的来说,我们的数据定义了巨噬细胞体内发育和功能所必需的溶酶体调节回路。为了大脑中免疫细胞的正常功能,必须仔细控制细胞的降解机制。
As the primary phagocytic cells of the central nervous system, microglia exquisitely regulate their lysosomal activity to facilitate brain development and homeostasis. However, mechanisms that coordinate lysosomal activity with microglia development, chemotaxis, and function remain unclear. Here, we show that embryonic macrophages require the lysosomal guanosine triphosphatase (GTPase) RagA and the GTPase-activating protein Folliculin to colonize the brain in zebrafish. We demonstrate that embryonic macrophages in rraga mutants show increased expression of lysosomal genes but display significant down-regulation of immune- and chemotaxis-related genes. Furthermore, we find that RagA and Folliculin repress the key lysosomal transcription factor Tfeb and its homologs Tfe3a and Tfe3b in the macrophage lineage. Using RNA sequencing, we establish that Tfeb and Tfe3 are required for activation of lysosomal target genes under conditions of stress but not for basal expression of lysosomal pathways. Collectively, our data define a lysosomal regulatory circuit essential for macrophage development and function in vivo. The degradation machinery of the cell must be carefully controlled for the normal function of immune cells in the brain.
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