FMRI studies of the relationship between language and theory of mind in adult cognition
FMRI studies of the relationship between language and theory of mind in adult cognition
复制标题
成人认知中语言与心理理论关系的 FMRI 研究
DOI：
--
复制
发表时间：
2018
期刊：
影响因子：
--
通讯作者：
Alexander M. Paunov
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Alexander M. Paunov
论文导师：Evelina Fedorenko和Edward Gibson的语言是人类互动的主要手段，而交际的成功需要有能力对对话伙伴的信仰、愿望和目标进行推理(例如，Grice 1957,1968,1975；Sperber&Wilson，1986)。关于语言处理和心理理论(Tom)及其神经基础之间的关系的确切性质，仍然存在许多问题。一方面，这两个领域有着密切的联系，因为a)语言似乎是由交际压力塑造的；b)语用推理在语言中很普遍；c)TOM的某些方面对语言习得很重要；d)语言反过来对习得TOM的一些更复杂的方面至关重要。但有趣的是，之前的神经成像和患者研究已经提供了一些证据，证明基本的语言处理和关于精神状态的推理之间存在分离。在本论文中，我使用功能磁共振来阐明这两种核心能力之间的关系。在第一章中，我回顾了一些关于语言和心理理论之间关系的研究。在第二章中，我在两个fMRI数据集中(n=90和n=47)考察了语言加工和言语与非言语心理理论的关系。我发现，汤姆的语言，但不是非语言的，在整个语言网络中引起了强烈的反应。由于缺乏对非语言的反应，TOM反对语言区域在成年后的社会推理中的核心作用。接下来，在第三章中，我使用功能关联的方法，在几种自然主义的条件下(三个研究中n=55名参与者)调查了语言和心理理论网络之间的关系。我发现，尽管这两个网络是可分离的，但它们在静止和故事理解过程中也表现出可靠的同步。该同步可以提供一种用于网络间信息共享的机制。最后，在第四章中，我报告了一个个体(EG)出生时没有左颞叶(很可能是由于围产期中风损伤)的案例研究。鉴于在早期左半球受损的情况下，语言处理通常转移到右半球，EG提供了一个有趣的案例研究，研究了语言和Tom的最具选择性的成分位于右侧颞顶交界处的TOM如何共存于单个颞叶。我表明，与大型标准数据集相比，EG中的语言和TOM重叠程度更大，
Thesis Supervisors: Evelina Fedorenko and Edward Gibson Language is the primary means for human interaction, and communicative success requires an ability to reason about a conversation partner's beliefs, desires, and goals (e.g., Grice 1957, 1968, 1975; Sperber & Wilson, 1986). Many questions remain about the precise nature of the relationship between language processing and Theory of Mind (ToM), and their neural substrates. On the one hand, the two domains share an intimate connection given that a) language appears to have been shaped by communicative pressures; b) pragmatic inference is prevalent in language; c) aspects of ToM are important for language acquisition; and d) language is, in turn, critical for acquiring some of the more complex aspects of ToM. But interestingly, prior neuroimaging and patient work have provided some evidence for a dissociation between basic linguistic processing and reasoning about mental states. In this thesis, I use functional MRI to elucidate the relationship between these two core human capacities. In Chapter 1, I review some of the past research that informs the relationship between language and ToM. In Chapter 2, I examine the topography of language processing and verbal vs. non-verbal ToM in two fMRI datasets (n=90 and n=47). I find that verbal, but not non-verbal, ToM elicits robust responses throughout the language network. Lack of response to non-verbal ToM argues against the core role of the language regions in social reasoning in adulthood. Next, in Chapter 3, I investigate the relationship between the language and ToM networks using a functional correlation approach during several naturalistic conditions (n=55 participants across three studies). I find that although the two networks are dissociable, they also show reliable synchronization both at rest and during story comprehension. This synchronization may provide one mechanism for inter-network information sharing. And finally, in Chapter 4, I report a case study of an individual (EG) born without a left temporal lobe (likely, due to perinatal stroke damage). Given that in cases of early left hemisphere damage, language processing usually shifts to the right hemisphere, EG presents an interesting case study of how language and ToM whose most ToM-selective component resides in the right temporoparietal junction can co-exist within a single temporal lobe. I show that language and ToM overlap to a greater extent in EG compared to a large normative dataset,
登录
查看更多内容
重温伦伯格关于早期发育可塑性的假设：左半球围产期中风后的语言组织。
影响因子：
0.6
作者：
Newport,ElissaL;Landau,Barbara;Seydell-Greenwald,Anna;Turkeltaub,PeterE;Chambers,CatherineE;Dromerick,AlexanderW;Carpenter,Jessica;Berl,MadisonM;Gaillard,WilliamD
通讯作者：
Gaillard,WilliamD
影响因子：
14.5
作者：
Frost, JA;Binder, JR;Cox, RW
通讯作者：
Cox, RW
DOI：
--
发表时间：
2011
期刊：
--
影响因子：
--
作者：
Evelina Fedorenko;Alfonso Nieto-Castanon;N. Kanwisher
通讯作者：
Evelina Fedorenko;Alfonso Nieto-Castanon;N. Kanwisher
影响因子：
2.5
作者：
Fedorenko, Evelina;Hsieh, Po-Jang;Kanwisher, Nancy
通讯作者：
Kanwisher, Nancy
影响因子：
2.5
作者：
Blank, Idan;Kanwisher, Nancy;Fedorenko, Evelina
通讯作者：
Fedorenko, Evelina