Arbuscular Mycorrhiza Alleviates Restrictions to Substrate Water Flow and Delays Transpiration Limitation to Stronger Drought in Tomato.
Arbuscular Mycorrhiza Alleviates Restrictions to Substrate Water Flow and Delays Transpiration Limitation to Stronger Drought in Tomato.
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DOI：
10.3389/fpls.2018.00154
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发表时间：
2018
影响因子：
5.6
通讯作者：
Graefe J
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Bitterlich M;Sandmann M;Graefe J
丛枝菌根真菌（AMF）在土壤孔隙、土壤颗粒表面增殖并影响土壤结构。尽管基质保水性的改变取决于结构并且可能影响植物水分的提取，但菌根对保水性和导水率的影响很少被量化。因此，我们询问接种 AMF 是否会影响基质保水性、水输送特性以及干旱强度时这些因素会限制植物蒸腾作用。将番茄植物种植在温室中，接种或不接种苔藓漏斗状菌，并在充足的供水下生长35天。菌根建立后，我们收获了三组植物，一组在接种前（接种后 36 天），第二组（第 42 天）和第三组（第 47 天）在连续的干燥过程中。在种植前将采样核心放入盆中。收获后，评估保水性和基质电导率特性，并拟合保水性和水力电导率模型。采用根吸水模型来确定引起土壤蒸腾限制的临界基质湿度。基质孔隙率和饱和含水量均不受接种影响，但在基质干燥后均有所下降。干燥还导致锅水容量和导水率下降。在潮湿（pF 1.8–4.2）和干燥（pF 2.5–4.2）条件下，菌根基质中的植物有效水含量增加，并在干燥后得以保留。在干旱之前和期间，菌根盆的基质水力传导率较高。在从盆中截留水后，在菌根基质中发现较高的基质干燥速率和较低的基质水势。菌根既不影响叶面积也不影响根的重量或长度。与较高的基质干燥速率一致，AMF 恢复了植物的水力状态，并在土壤湿度下降时增加了植物的蒸腾作用。尽管大量基质干燥得更多，但菌根盆中根表面的水势和根际水流的阻力得到恢复。最后，在底物水通量定量限制蒸腾作用之前，AMF 定殖的底物可以更加干燥。这在高蒸腾需求下最为明显，并且底物水势差异超过 1,000 hPa。
Arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi (AMF) proliferate in soil pores, on the surface of soil particles and affect soil structure. Although modifications in substrate moisture retention depend on structure and could influence plant water extraction, mycorrhizal impacts on water retention and hydraulic conductivity were rarely quantified. Hence, we asked whether inoculation with AMF affects substrate water retention, water transport properties and at which drought intensity those factors become limiting for plant transpiration. Solanum lycopersicum plants were set up in the glasshouse, inoculated or not with Funneliformis mosseae, and grown for 35 days under ample water supply. After mycorrhizal establishment, we harvested three sets of plants, one before (36 days after inoculation) and the second (day 42) and third (day 47) within a sequential drying episode. Sampling cores were introduced into pots before planting. After harvest, moisture retention and substrate conductivity properties were assessed and water retention and hydraulic conductivity models were fitted. A root water uptake model was adopted in order to identify the critical substrate moisture that induces soil derived transpiration limitation. Neither substrate porosity nor saturated water contents were affected by inoculation, but both declined after substrates dried. Drying also caused a decline in pot water capacity and hydraulic conductivity. Plant available water contents under wet (pF 1.8–4.2) and dry (pF 2.5–4.2) conditions increased in mycorrhizal substrates and were conserved after drying. Substrate hydraulic conductivity was higher in mycorrhizal pots before and during drought exposure. After withholding water from pots, higher substrate drying rates and lower substrate water potentials were found in mycorrhizal substrates. Mycorrhiza neither affected leaf area nor root weight or length. Consistently with higher substrate drying rates, AMF restored the plant hydraulic status, and increased plant transpiration when soil moisture declined. The water potential at the root surface and the resistance to water flow in the rhizosphere were restored in mycorrhizal pots although the bulk substrate dried more. Finally, substrates colonized by AMF can be more desiccated before substrate water flux quantitatively limits transpiration. This is most pronounced under high transpiration demands and complies with a difference of over 1,000 hPa in substrate water potential.
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DOI：
10.1139/b97-052
发表时间：
1997-03-01
期刊：
CANADIAN JOURNAL OF BOTANY-REVUE CANADIENNE DE BOTANIQUE
影响因子：
--
作者：
Frey, JE;Ellis, JR
通讯作者：
Ellis, JR
影响因子：
4.9
作者：
Bearden, BN
通讯作者：
Bearden, BN
影响因子：
9.7
作者：
Daynes, Cathal N.;Field, Damien J.;McGee, Peter A.
通讯作者：
McGee, Peter A.
DOI：
10.1139/b04-020
发表时间：
2004-04-01
期刊：
CANADIAN JOURNAL OF BOTANY-REVUE CANADIENNE DE BOTANIQUE
影响因子：
--
作者：
Augé, RM;Sylvia, DM;Cho, KH
通讯作者：
Cho, KH
影响因子：
9.4
作者：
GIOVANNETTI, M;MOSSE, B
通讯作者：
MOSSE, B