Consistency vs. Availability in Distributed Cyber-Physical Systems

Consistency vs. Availability in Distributed Cyber-Physical Systems
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分布式信息物理系统中的一致性与可用性

DOI:
10.1145/3609119
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发表时间:
2023
影响因子:
2
通讯作者:
Menard, Christian
Menard, Christian
中科院分区:
计算机科学3区
文献类型:
--
作者:
Lee, Edward A.;Akella, Ravi;Bateni, Soroush;Lin, Shaokai;Lohstroh, Marten;Menard, Christian

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在分布式应用中,Brewer 的 CAP 定理告诉我们,当网络出现分区 (P) 时,必须放弃一致性 (C) 或可用性 (A)。一致性是指对共享变量的值达成一致;可用性是响应读取和写入访问这些共享变量的能力。可用性是实时属性,而一致性是逻辑属性。我们将一致性和可用性扩展到网络物理属性,例如物理系统的状态和驱动延迟。我们进一步扩展了 CAP 定理,将这两个属性的定量测量与通信和计算延迟 (L) 的定量测量联系起来,获得称为 CAL 定理的关系,该关系在最大加代数中是线性的。本文展示了如何以各种方式使用 CAL 定理来帮助设计网络物理系统。我们开发了一种方法,用于以特定于应用程序的方式系统地权衡可用性和一致性,并指导系统设计人员将功能放入终端设备、边缘计算机或云中。我们以法语语言为基础,为系统设计人员提供具体的分析和设计工具,以便在可部署的嵌入式软件中做出所需的权衡。
In distributed applications, Brewer’s CAP theorem tells us that when networks become partitioned (P), one must give up either consistency (C) or availability (A). Consistency is agreement on the values of shared variables; availability is the ability to respond to reads and writes accessing those shared variables. Availability is a real-time property whereas consistency is a logical property. We extend consistency and availability to refer to cyber-physical properties such as the state of the physical system and delays in actuation. We have further extended the CAP theorem to relate quantitative measures of these two properties to quantitative measures of communication and computation latency (L), obtaining a relation called the CAL theorem that is linear in a max-plus algebra. This paper shows how to use the CAL theorem in various ways to help design cyber-physical systems. We develop a methodology for systematically trading off availability and consistency in application-specific ways and to guide the system designer when putting functionality in end devices, in edge computers, or in the cloud. We build on theLingua Francacoordination language to provide system designers with concrete analysis and design tools to make the required tradeoffs in deployable embedded software.
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发表时间: 2019-10
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