The role of microRNAs in cholesterol efflux and hepatic lipid metabolism.

The role of microRNAs in cholesterol efflux and hepatic lipid metabolism.
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DOI:
10.1146/annurev-nutr-081810-160756
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发表时间:
2011-08-21
影响因子:
8.9
通讯作者:
Fernández-Hernando C
Fernández-Hernando C
中科院分区:
医学2区
文献类型:
--
作者:
Moore KJ;Rayner KJ;Suárez Y;Fernández-Hernando C

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MiRNAs代表了一种优雅的转录后基因表达控制机制,用于微调生物过程。这些微小的非编码RNA(20-22个核苷酸)与mRNAs的3‘非翻译区结合,从而抑制基因表达。最近对脂质代谢的研究进展表明,miRNAs,特别是miR-122和miR-33,在调节胆固醇和脂肪酸动态平衡方面发挥着重要作用。MIR-122是肝脏中含量最丰富的microRNA,它似乎保持了肝细胞的表型,其抑制作用可降低血清总胆固醇。MIR-33是一个位于SREBP-2基因的内含子,调节胆固醇外流、脂肪酸β氧化和高密度脂蛋白代谢。这些发现突显了脂质动态平衡的复杂性,以及miRNAs在这些过程中发挥的重要作用,可能为治疗血脂异常开辟了新的途径。
miRNAs represent an elegant mechanism of post-transcriptional control of gene expression that serves to fine-tune biological processes. These tiny non-coding RNAs (20-22 nt) bind to the 3′ untranslated region of mRNAs, thereby repressing gene expression. Recent advances in the understanding of lipid metabolism have revealed that miRNAs, particularly miR-122 and miR-33, play major roles in regulating cholesterol and fatty acid homeostasis. miR-122, the most abundant microRNA in the liver, appears to maintain the hepatic cell phenotype and its inhibition decreases total serum cholesterol. miR-33, an intronic microRNA located with the SREBP-2 gene, regulates cholesterol efflux, fatty acid β-oxidation and HDL metabolism. These findings have highlighted the complexity of lipid homeostasis, and the important role that miRNAs play in these processes, potentially opening new avenues for the treatment of dyslipidemias.
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