Fish is Fish: the use of experimental model species to reveal causes of skeletal diversity in evolution and disease.
Fish is Fish: the use of experimental model species to reveal causes of skeletal diversity in evolution and disease.
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DOI：
10.1111/jai.12533
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发表时间：
2014-08-01
期刊：
影响因子：
--
通讯作者：
Witten PE
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Harris MP;Henke K;Hawkins MB;Witten PE
鱼类具有极其丰富的多样性。这种多样性是辐鳍鱼适应多种环境的能力所导致的结果，并且使它们比其他所有脊椎动物的种类总和还要多。由于这种多样性，人们很容易忽视在远缘鱼类之间进行比较，以了解某一特定鱼类物种的生物学特性。然而，共同的祖先以及发育机制、形态特征和生理机能的保守性，使得我们能够利用不同生物之间的比较分析来了解发育和生理机制。使用便于实验研究的物种为解决在其他“非模式”生物中无法解决的问题提供了工具。例如，使用斑马鱼和青鳉等小型硬骨鱼对于分析人类基因功能和疾病机制（包括骨骼疾病）非常有效。然而，利用这些鱼来帮助理解其他鱼类的变异和疾病在很大程度上尚未得到探索。这在水产养殖研究中尤为明显。在此，我们强调这些小型实验鱼在研究养殖条件下发生的骨骼畸形所涉及的遗传和发育因素方面的实用性。我们强调了几个方面，在这些方面模式物种可作为一种资源，用于确定经济上重要的鱼类物种变异的原因，以及评估减轻养殖鱼类变异表型表达的策略。我们重点关注斑马鱼和青鳉骨骼畸形的遗传原因，这些畸形与养殖鱼类以及自然鱼类种群中观察到的表型非常相似。
Fishes are wonderfully diverse. This variety is a result of the ability of ray-finned fishes to adapt to a wide range of environments, and has made them more specious than the rest of vertebrates combined. With such diversity it is easy to dismiss comparisons between distantly related fishes in efforts to understand the biology of a particular fish species. However, shared ancestry and the conservation of developmental mechanisms, morphological features and physiology provide the ability to use comparative analyses between different organisms to understand mechanisms of development and physiology. The use of species that are amenable to experimental investigation provides tools to approach questions that would not be feasible in other ‘non-model’ organisms. For example, the use of small teleost fishes such as zebrafish and medaka has been powerful for analysis of gene function and mechanisms of disease in humans, including skeletal diseases. However, use of these fish to aid in understanding variation and disease in other fishes has been largely unexplored. This is especially evident in aquaculture research. Here we highlight the utility of these small laboratory fishes to study genetic and developmental factors that underlie skeletal malformations that occur under farming conditions. We highlight several areas in which model species can serve as a resource for identifying the causes of variation in economically important fish species as well as to assess strategies to alleviate the expression of the variant phenotypes in farmed fish. We focus on genetic causes of skeletal deformities in the zebrafish and medaka that closely resemble phenotypes observed both in farmed as well as natural populations of fishes.
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影响因子：
14.9
作者：
Cade L;Reyon D;Hwang WY;Tsai SQ;Patel S;Khayter C;Joung JK;Sander JD;Peterson RT;Yeh JR
通讯作者：
Yeh JR
影响因子：
3.3
作者：
Bowen, Margot E.;Henke, Katrin;Harris, Matthew P.
通讯作者：
Harris, Matthew P.
影响因子：
2.5
作者：
Diggles, B. K.
通讯作者：
Diggles, B. K.
影响因子：
2
作者：
Beveridge MC;Thilsted SH;Phillips MJ;Metian M;Troell M;Hall SJ
通讯作者：
Hall SJ
影响因子：
64.8
作者：
通讯作者：
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