Multiscale temporal integration organizes hierarchical computation in human auditory cortex.

Multiscale temporal integration organizes hierarchical computation in human auditory cortex.
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DOI:
10.1038/s41562-021-01261-y
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发表时间:
2022-03
影响因子:
29.9
通讯作者:
Mesgarani N
Mesgarani N
中科院分区:
心理学1区
文献类型:
--
作者:
Norman-Haignere SV;Long LK;Devinsky O;Doyle W;Irobunda I;Merricks EM;Feldstein NA;McKhann GM;Schevon CA;Flinker A;Mesgarani N

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为了从声音中获得意义,大脑必须整合许多时间尺度上的信息。人类听觉皮层的多尺度整合是基于什么计算的?有证据表明,听觉皮层使用通用的声学表示(例如频谱时间调制)和类别特定的计算来分析声音,但这些不同的计算整合的时间尺度仍然不清楚。为了回答这个问题,我们开发了一种通用的方法来估计感觉整合窗口-刺激改变神经反应的时间窗口-并将我们的方法应用于神经外科患者的颅内记录。我们发现,人类听觉皮层整合跨越不同的时间跨度~50至400毫秒的层次。此外,我们发现具有短整合窗口和长整合窗口的神经群体表现出不同的功能特性:短整合电极(<200毫秒)表现出突出的谱时调制选择性,而长整合电极(>200毫秒)表现出突出的类别选择性。这些发现揭示了多尺度整合如何组织人类大脑中的听觉计算。
To derive meaning from sound, the brain must integrate information across many timescales. What computations underlie multiscale integration in human auditory cortex? Evidence suggests that auditory cortex analyzes sound using both generic acoustic representations (e.g. spectrotemporal modulation) and category-specific computations, but the timescales these putatively distinct computations integrate over remain unclear. To answer this question, we developed a general method to estimate sensory integration windows – the time window when stimuli alter the neural response – and applied our method to intracranial recordings from neurosurgical patients. We show that human auditory cortex integrates hierarchically across diverse timescales spanning ~50 to 400 milliseconds. Moreover, we find that neural populations with short and long integration windows exhibit distinct functional properties: short-integration electrodes (<200 milliseconds) show prominent spectrotemporal modulation selectivity, while long-integration electrodes (>200 milliseconds) show prominent category selectivity. These findings reveal how multiscale integration organizes auditory computation in the human brain.
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