An initial phase of JNK activation inhibits cell death early in the endoplasmic reticulum stress response.

An initial phase of JNK activation inhibits cell death early in the endoplasmic reticulum stress response.
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DOI:
10.1242/jcs.179127
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发表时间:
2016-06-15
影响因子:
4
通讯作者:
Schröder M
Schröder M
中科院分区:
生物学2区
文献类型:
--
作者:
Brown M;Strudwick N;Suwara M;Sutcliffe LK;Mihai AD;Ali AA;Watson JN;Schröder M

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未折叠蛋白在内质网(ER)中的积累激活了未折叠蛋白反应(UPR)。在哺乳动物细胞中,由几种ER膜驻留蛋白(包括双功能蛋白激酶核糖核酸内切酶IRE 1 α)产生的UPR信号控制细胞存活和执行凋亡的决定。通过IRE 1 α的RNase结构域加工XBP 1 mRNA促进ER应激的存活,而在ER应激反应后期通过IRE 1 α激活丝裂原活化蛋白激酶JNK促进细胞凋亡。在这里,我们表明,激活JNK在ER应激反应之前激活的XBP 1。JNK的这种激活依赖于IRE 1 α和TRAF 2,并与JNK依赖性诱导几种抗凋亡基因(包括cIAP 1、cIAP 2、XIAP和BIRC 6)的表达相一致。ER应激的jnk 1-/-jnk 2-/-小鼠胚胎成纤维细胞(MEF)与野生型MEF相比显示出更明显的线粒体通透性转变和增加的半胱天冬酶3/7活性。Caspase 3/7活性在ER应激的ciap 1-/-ciap 2-/-和xiap-/- MEFs中也升高。这些观察结果表明,JNK依赖的转录诱导的几种抑制剂的细胞凋亡有助于抑制细胞凋亡早期的ER应激反应。
Accumulation of unfolded proteins in the endoplasmic reticulum (ER) activates the unfolded protein response (UPR). In mammalian cells, UPR signals generated by several ER membrane resident proteins, including the bifunctional protein kinase endoribonuclease IRE1α, control cell survival and the decision to execute apoptosis. Processing of XBP1 mRNA by the RNase domain of IRE1α promotes survival of ER stress, while activation of the mitogen-activated protein kinase JNK by IRE1α late in the ER stress response promotes apoptosis. Here we show that activation of JNK in the ER stress response precedes activation of XBP1. This activation of JNK is dependent on IRE1α and TRAF2 and coincides with JNK-dependent induction of expression of several antiapoptotic genes, including cIAP1, cIAP2, XIAP, and BIRC6. ER-stressed jnk1-/- jnk2-/- mouse embryonic fibroblasts (MEFs) display more pronounced mitochondrial permeability transition and increased caspase 3/7 activity compared to wild type MEFs. Caspase 3/7 activity is also elevated in ER-stressed ciap1-/- ciap2-/-, and xiap-/- MEFs. These observations suggest that JNK-dependent transcriptional induction of several inhibitors of apoptosis contributes to inhibiting apoptosis early in the ER stress response.
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