Spinal cord modularity: evolution, development, and optimization and the possible relevance to low back pain in man.
Spinal cord modularity: evolution, development, and optimization and the possible relevance to low back pain in man.
复制标题
DOI：
10.1007/s00221-009-2016-x
复制
发表时间：
2010-01
影响因子：
2
通讯作者：
Silfies, Sheri P.
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Giszter, Simon F.;Hart, Corey B.;Silfies, Sheri P.
休林斯·杰克逊在1884年的话是受到当时达尔文最近关于进化论的著作的考虑的启发。在引用的文章中，他将这一观点应用于中枢神经系统的进化、发育和随后的神经损伤。他的总体框架可能在今天仍然具有现实意义。我们的论文的目标是回顾目前关于运动模块及其机制的观点，特别是在脊柱水平(杰克逊的组织良好、更简单和更自动)，但也超越了。模块化可以被定义为使用采用标准化部件或单元的设计，允许容易地组装、维修和可交叉布置部件。系统中最简单的模块，可以用来制作其他较大的模块，可以称为原语。这一术语源于生物学对原语的定义，将其定义为“发生在发展或进化的早期阶段或具有其特征的”，将原语定义为假定为基础的元素，以及将计算机科学定义为“机器指令的基本或基本单位”。像杰克逊一样，我们会争辩说，这些模块和原语在很大程度上是在出生时就已经组织起来的。在这篇综述的最后，我们讨论了脊柱模块化和保护性rexex结构中的这些问题如何与人类的躯干控制和下腰痛机制有关。
The words of Hughlings Jackson in 1884 were inspired by a consideration of what was then the recent work of Darwin on evolution. In the quoted article, he applied this perspective to CNS evolution, development and subsequent neurological damage. His overall framework likely remains relevant today. Our paper’s goal is to review current perspectives on motor modularity and its mechanisms, especially at the spinal level (for Jackson ‘well-organized’,‘simpler’and ‘more automatic’), but also beyond. Modularity can be defined as the use of designs employing standardized components or units, allowing easy assembly, repair and Xexible arrangements of the components. The simplest modules in a system, from which other larger modules might be made, can be termed primitives. This term derives from a combination of the biological definition of primitive as ‘occurring in or characteristic of an early stage of development or evolution’, the definition of primitive as an element assumed as a basis, and the computer science definition of ‘a basic or fundamental unit of machine instruction’. Like Jackson, we will argue that these modules and primitives are in significant part already organized at birth. At the end of this review, we discuss how these issues in spinal modularity and protective reXex structure may relate to trunk control and low back pain mechanisms in humans.
登录
查看更多内容
影响因子：
2.5
作者：
Brumagne, S;Cordo, P;Verschueren, S
通讯作者：
Verschueren, S
影响因子：
2.6
作者：
Calabretta, R;Nolfi, S;Wagner, GP
通讯作者：
Wagner, GP
影响因子：
2.5
作者：
Cabaj, A.;Stecina, K.;Jankowska, E.
通讯作者：
Jankowska, E.
影响因子：
3
作者：
Cholewicki, J;Silfies, SP;Goldberg, B
通讯作者：
Goldberg, B
影响因子：
3
作者：
Cholewicki, J;Panjabi, MM;Khachatryan, A
通讯作者：
Khachatryan, A