Social learning solves the problem of narrow-peaked search landscapes: experimental evidence in humans.
Social learning solves the problem of narrow-peaked search landscapes: experimental evidence in humans.
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DOI：
10.1098/rsos.160215
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发表时间：
2016-09
影响因子：
3.5
通讯作者：
Mesoudi A
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Acerbi A;Tennie C;Mesoudi A
社会学习的广泛使用被认为是人类生态成功的主要原因。理论思考、模型和实验探索了社会学习的进化基础，展示了向他人学习比个人学习更具适应性的条件。在这里，我们提出了先前实验设置的扩展，其中个体进行模拟“狩猎”，他们的成功取决于他们设计的“虚拟箭头”的特征。个人可以通过个人尝试和错误或复制他人来修改箭头。我们研究在多模态自适应景观中，峰值的平滑度如何影响学习。我们将窄峰与宽峰进行比较，在窄峰中，接近最优的解决方案无法为个人提供有用的反馈，在宽峰中，平滑的景观允许有效的爬山个人学习策略。我们表明，在窄峰环境中，个体学习更加困难，但社会学习者在窄峰和宽峰搜索空间中的表现几乎相同。尽管与之前的实验一样，社会信息普遍未得到充分利用，但窄幅条件下的复制量比宽幅条件下的复制量有微弱的趋势。我们的结果强调了在研究高保真社交学习的适应性时任务设计空间的重要性。
The extensive use of social learning is considered a major reason for the ecological success of humans. Theoretical considerations, models and experiments have explored the evolutionary basis of social learning, showing the conditions under which learning from others is more adaptive than individual learning. Here we present an extension of a previous experimental set-up, in which individuals go on simulated ‘hunts’ and their success depends on the features of a ‘virtual arrowhead’ they design. Individuals can modify their arrowhead either by individual trial and error or by copying others. We study how, in a multimodal adaptive landscape, the smoothness of the peaks influences learning. We compare narrow peaks, in which solutions close to optima do not provide useful feedback to individuals, to wide peaks, where smooth landscapes allow an effective hill-climbing individual learning strategy. We show that individual learning is more difficult in narrow-peaked landscapes, but that social learners perform almost equally well in both narrow- and wide-peaked search spaces. There was a weak trend for more copying in the narrow than wide condition, although as in previous experiments social information was generally underutilized. Our results highlight the importance of tasks’ design space when studying the adaptiveness of high-fidelity social learning.
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