Essential Oil of Cannabis sativa L: Comparison of Yield and Chemical Composition of 11 Hemp Genotypes.
Essential Oil of Cannabis sativa L: Comparison of Yield and Chemical Composition of 11 Hemp Genotypes.
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DOI：
10.3390/molecules26134080
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发表时间：
2021-07-03
期刊：
影响因子：
--
通讯作者：
Paris R
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Pieracci Y;Ascrizzi R;Terreni V;Pistelli L;Flamini G;Bassolino L;Fulvio F;Montanari M;Paris R
大麻是一种一年生植物，自古以来就有不同的用途。在过去，大麻花被认为是农作物的残留物，而现在，大麻花被认为是有价值的原料，具有不同的用途，其中大麻花精油的提取越来越受到人们的关注。本研究的目的是评价在同一地点连续栽培两个生长季节的11种大麻基因型通过加氢蒸馏获得的EO的产量和化学成分。采用气相色谱-质谱法分析其成分，并进行多元统计分析。倍半萜类化合物的相对丰度在47.1 ~ 78.5%之间，无论是碳氢化合物还是氧合化合物，均以倍半萜类化合物为主；唯一的例外是2019年收集的Felina 32样本，其中大麻素占主导地位。大麻素是第二丰富的化合物，其中大麻二酚为主要化合物，相对丰度在11.8% ~ 51.5%之间。样品的统计分布，对EOs的完整化学成分进行了统计，证明了基于栽培年份的划分，而不是基于基因型，除了Uso-31。在提取产量方面，基因型和栽培年限之间存在显著差异。
Cannabis sativa L. is an annual species cultivated since antiquity for different purposes. While, in the past, hemp inflorescences were considered crop residues, at present, they are regarded as valuable raw materials with different applications, among which extraction of the essential oil (EO) has gained increasing interest in many fields. The aim of the present study is the evaluation of the yield and the chemical composition of the EO obtained by hydrodistillation from eleven hemp genotypes, cultivated in the same location for two consecutive growing seasons. The composition of the EOs was analyzed by GC–MS, and then subjected to multivariate statistical analysis. Sesquiterpenes represented the main class of compounds in all the EOs, both in their hydrocarbon and oxygenated forms, with relative abundances ranging from 47.1 to 78.5%; the only exception was the Felina 32 sample collected in 2019, in which cannabinoids predominated. Cannabinoids were the second most abundant class of compounds, of which cannabidiol was the main one, with relative abundances between 11.8 and 51.5%. The statistical distribution of the samples, performed on the complete chemical composition of the EOs, evidenced a partition based on the year of cultivation, rather than on the genotype, with the exception of Uso-31. Regarding the extraction yield, a significant variation was evidenced among both the genotypes and the years of cultivation.
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