Behaviors of hypoglossal hyoid motoneurons in laryngeal and vestibular reflexes and in deglutition and emesis.

Behaviors of hypoglossal hyoid motoneurons in laryngeal and vestibular reflexes and in deglutition and emesis.
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舌下舌骨运动神经元在喉和前庭反射以及吞咽和呕吐中的行为。

DOI:
10.1152/ajpregu.1998.274.4.r950
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发表时间:
1998
期刊:
The American journal of physiology
影响因子:
--
通讯作者:
Miller,AD
Miller,AD
中科院分区:
--
文献类型:
--
作者:
Umezaki,T;Nakazawa,K;Miller,AD

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在8只去脑、麻痹和人工通气猫上,通过记录舌下神经核内11个单细胞的细胞外活动和舌下神经核内支配颏舌骨肌(GH)和甲状舌骨肌(TH)的上级喉神经(SLN)和前庭神经(Vestibular nerve)的运动神经元的反射反应及其在模拟吞咽和呕吐时的行为,观察了它们的反射反应。大多数TH运动神经元在呼气早期是活跃的和/或表现出缩短的逆向潜伏期。与此相反,GH运动神经元没有表现出任何与运动相关的活动。电刺激SLN从未引起GH或TH运动神经元的兴奋性反射反应,而是引起TH的抑制性反应。与其他舌下神经运动神经元不同,GH和TH运动神经元似乎不接受前庭输入。然而,它们在虚构的吞咽和呕吐期间,特别是在排出期间,可以表现出强烈的活动。因此,这些运动神经元可能在吞咽和呕吐时的气道保护中起重要作用,但在前庭传入调节的上气道通畅性中不起重要作用。
Reflex responses of hypoglossal motoneurons innervating the geniohyoid (GH) and thyrohyoid (TH) muscles from the superior laryngeal (SLN) and vestibular nerves and their behaviors during fictive swallowing and vomiting were examined by recording both the extracellular activities of 11 single cells in the hypoglossal nucleus and GH and TH muscle nerve activity in eight decerebrate, paralyzed, and artificially ventilated cats. The majority of TH motoneurons were either active and/or exhibited shortened antidromic latencies during early expiration. In contrast, GH motoneurons did not exhibit any respiratory-related activity. Electrical single-shock stimulation of the SLN never evoked an excitatory reflex response on GH or TH motoneurons but rather evoked inhibitory responses on the THs. Unlike other hypoglossal motoneurons, GH and TH motoneurons do not appear to receive vestibular inputs. However, they can exhibit robust activities during fictive swallowing and vomiting, particularly during expulsion. Thus these motoneurons may play an important role in airway protection during swallowing and vomiting but not in controlling upper airway patency regulated by vestibular afferents.
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