Memory for pictures: does an age-related decline exist?
Memory for pictures: does an age-related decline exist?
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图片记忆力：是否存在与年龄相关的衰退？
DOI：
10.1037/0882-7974.1.1.11
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发表时间：
1986
影响因子：
3.7
通讯作者：
Anderson D. Smith
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Denise C. Park;J. T. Puglisi;Anderson D. Smith
在目前的实验中，考察了不同细节对记忆的影响。在实验1中，通过向老年人和年轻人展示普通照片、高对比度照片或线条画，并在即刻和4周后测试他们的记忆，来改变图片点缀。所有受试者在最精细的照片(正常照片)中都表现得最好，而年长的受试者在即刻和年轻受试者的记忆中表现得一样好，但不是在延迟的时间间隔。在实验2中，通过在中心物体的线条画中添加背景来改变细节。两个年龄段的受试者都受益于增强的背景细节，而且记忆随年龄的变化没有差异。实验3与实验2相同，只是让受试者在分散注意力的情况下研究图片。同样，两个年龄段的受试者对精心制作的图片的辨认能力最好，没有出现显著的年龄差异。研究表明，老年人和年轻人都受益于视觉修饰，而且随着年龄的增长，对有意义的图片的记忆相对保持完好。
In the present experiments, the effects of varying detail on memory were examined. In Experiment 1, pictorial embellishment was varied by presenting old and young adults with normal photographs, high-contrast photographs, or line drawings, and testing their memory immediately and 4 weeks later. All of the subjects did best with the most elaborate pictures (normal photographs), and old subjects remembered as well as young at the immediate but not at the delayed interval. In Experiment 2, detail was varied by adding background to line drawings of a central object. Subjects of both ages profited from enhanced background detail, and there were no differences in memory as a function of age. Experiment 3 replicated Experiment 2, except that subjects studied the pictures under divided attention conditions. Again, subjects of both age recognized elaborate pictures best, and no significant age differences emerged. The studies suggest that old and young adults profit from visual embellishment and that memory for meaningful pictures remains relatively intact with age.
人类的学习和记忆。
影响因子：
24.8
作者：
Johnson,MK;Hasher,L
通讯作者：
Hasher,L