Maternal sensitivity to distress, attachment and the development of callous‐unemotional traits in young children
Maternal sensitivity to distress, attachment and the development of callous‐unemotional traits in young children
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母亲对幼儿的痛苦、依恋和冷酷无情特征的发展的敏感性
DOI：
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发表时间：
2018
期刊：
影响因子：
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通讯作者：
A. Pickles
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
N. Wright;J. Hill;H. Sharp;A. Pickles
背景冷酷无情（CU）特质的特征是对他人的情绪缺乏反应，特别是负面情绪。一个父母的环境，孩子自己的痛苦情绪是敏感的反应可能有助于培养孩子的能力，以回应他人的情绪。我们测试了母亲对痛苦的敏感性和其他养育特征是否与学龄前时期的CU特征相关，并研究了这是否通过婴儿依恋状态介导。方法在流行病学队列中，通过母亲报告，在2.5岁、3.5岁和5.0岁时评估CU特征。父母的尺寸进行了评估，在29周的自由发挥分层子样本的272，在14个月的依恋状态（n = 265）。结构方程模型与最大似然估计被用来检查预测从养育维度和依恋状态。结果：父母因素包括对痛苦的敏感性（n = 207），对非痛苦的敏感性，对婴儿（或温暖）的积极关注和侵入性，预测儿童CU特质（p = 0.023）。这种影响主要是由对痛苦的敏感性（p = 0.008）和积极的关注（p = 0.023）解释的，这表明了协同效应，并通过显著的相互作用（p = 0.01）证明了这一点。这是因为对痛苦的低敏感性和低积极关注的结合创造了CU特征升高的风险。虽然敏感性和积极的方面预测附件的安全性和解体，有没有关联之间的依恋状态和CU特质。结论对痛苦的敏感性和对减少CU特质的积极关注的贡献表明，儿童对他人情绪的反应可能会增加他们自己的母亲对他们的反应和他们的母亲的温暖。没有证据表明这是通过依恋状态介导的。干预的影响和未来的方向进行了讨论。
Background Callous‐unemotional (CU) traits are characterized by a lack of responsiveness to the emotions of others, particularly negative emotions. A parenting environment where the child's own distress emotions are sensitively responded to may help foster the child's ability to respond to the emotions of others. We tested whether maternal sensitivity to distress, and other parenting characteristics, were associated with CU traits over the preschool period, and examined whether this was mediated via infant attachment status. Method In an epidemiological cohort, CU traits were assessed at age 2.5, 3.5, and 5.0 years by mother report. Dimensions of parenting were assessed in free play at age 29 weeks in a stratified subsample of 272, and attachment status at 14 months (n = 265). Structural equation modelling with maximum likelihood estimation was used to examine predictions from parenting dimensions and attachment status. Results A parenting factor comprised of sensitivity to distress (n = 207), sensitivity to non‐distress, positive regard toward the infant (or warmth), and intrusiveness, predicted child CU traits (p = .023). This effect was accounted for mainly by sensitivity to distress (p = .008) and positive regard (p = .023) which showed a synergistic effect as evidenced by a significant interaction (p = .01). This arose because the combination of low sensitivity to distress and low positive regard created the risk for elevated CU traits. Although sensitivity and positive regard predicted attachment security and disorganization, there were no associations between attachment status and CU traits. Conclusions The finding of contributions from both sensitivity to distress and positive regard to reduced CU traits suggests that children's responsiveness to others’ emotions may be increased by their own mothers’ responsiveness to them and their mothers’ warmth. There was no evidence that this was mediated via attachment status. Implications for intervention and future directions are discussed.
影响因子：
4.6
作者：
Leerkes EM;Blankson AN;O'Brien M
通讯作者：
O'Brien M
影响因子：
4
作者：
Fraley, R. Chris;Roisman, Glenn I.;Haltigan, John D.
通讯作者：
Haltigan, John D.