Overestimating women's representation in medicine: a survey of medical professionals' estimates and their(un)willingness to support gender equality initiatives.
Overestimating women's representation in medicine: a survey of medical professionals' estimates and their(un)willingness to support gender equality initiatives.
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DOI：
10.1136/bmjopen-2021-054769
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发表时间：
2022-03-21
期刊：
影响因子：
2.9
通讯作者：
Ryan MK
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Begeny CT;Grossman RC;Ryan MK
在某些医学领域（如全科医生/初级保健）的妇女人数不断增加，而她们在其他领域（如外科专科）的代表性仍然不足的情况下，本研究探讨了(1)医疗专业人员是否错误地推断妇女现在普遍得到了充分代表，高估了妇女在几个不同领域和角色的真实代表性；(2)这种对女性代表性的高估是否预示着对该领域性别平等倡议的支持会减少，并与自己的性别相结合。横断面调查。英国医学领域。425名英国医疗顾问/全科医生和受训人员（ST/CT1+/SHO/注册官）；47%是女性。对妇女在医学不同领域/角色中所占比例的估计，作为综合估计和单独审查；以及支持医学中基于性别的倡议的多项措施。医学专业人员往往高估了妇女在若干不同医学领域（全科医生、医学专业、外科专业）和各种角色（顾问/全科医生、受训人员、医学院毕业生）中的真实代表人数。此外，这些错误的估计预测了支持基于性别的倡议的意愿下降，特别是在该领域的男性中：综合高估*受访者性别互动，B= - 0.04, 95% CI = - 0.07至- 0.01,p=0.01。具体来说，虽然女性受访者的（过高）估计与她们的支持水平无关（B=0.00, 95% CI - 0.02至0.02,p=0.92），但男性受访者倾向于高估女性在医学领域的比例，这预示着对基于性别的倡议的支持较低（B= - 0.04, 95% CI - 0.06至- 0.02,p<0.001）。虽然在医疗领域的性别代表性方面取得了一些进展，但这项研究表明，性别平等的努力仍然存在障碍，并确定了该领域内谁在集中维护这些障碍。正是那些高估了在女性代表权方面取得的真正进展的人（尤其是男性），最有可能破坏这一进展。
Amidst growing numbers of women in certain areas of medicine (eg, general practice/primary care), yet their continued under-representation in others (eg, surgical specialties), this study examines (1) whether medical professionals mistakenly infer that women are now broadly well represented, overestimating women’s true representation in several different areas and roles; and (2) whether this overestimation of women’s representation predicts decreased support for gender equality initiatives in the field, in conjunction with one’s own gender. Cross-sectional survey. UK-based medical field. 425 UK medical consultants/general practitioners and trainees (ST/CT1+/SHO/Registrar); 47% were female. Estimates of women’s representation in different areas/roles within medicine, examined as a composite estimate and individually; and a multi-item measure of support for gender-based initiatives in medicine. Medical professionals tended to overestimate women’s true representation in several different areas of medicine (general practice, medical specialties, surgical specialties) and in various roles (consultants/general practitioners, trainees, medical school graduates). Moreover, these erroneous estimates predicted a decreased willingness to support gender-based initiatives, particularly among men in the field: composite overestimation*respondent gender interaction, B=−0.04, 95% CI −0.07 to −0.01, p=0.01. Specifically, while female respondents’ (over)estimates were unrelated to their level of support (B=0.00, 95% CI −0.02 to 0.02, p=0.92), male respondents’ tendency to overestimate the proportion of women in medicine predicted lower support for gender-based initiatives (B=−0.04, 95% CI −0.06 to −0.02, p<0.001). While some progress has been made in gender representation in the medical field, this research illustrates that there are still barriers to gender equality efforts and identifies who within the field is focally maintaining these barriers. It is those individuals (particularly men) who overestimate the true progress that has been made in women’s representation who are at highest risk of undermining it.
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DOI：
10.1016/s0065-2601(05)37005-5
发表时间：
2005-01-01
期刊：
ADVANCES IN EXPERIMENTAL SOCIAL PSYCHOLOGY, VOL 37
影响因子：
--
作者：
Brown, R;Hewstone, M
通讯作者：
Hewstone, M
影响因子：
8.2
作者：
Wilkins, Clara L.;Kaiser, Cheryl R.
通讯作者：
Kaiser, Cheryl R.
影响因子：
15.8
作者：
Burns, Karen E. A.;Straus, Sharon E.;Guyatt, Gordon
通讯作者：
Guyatt, Gordon
DOI：
10.1073/pnas.1211286109
发表时间：
2012-10-09
影响因子：
11.1
作者：
Moss-Racusin, Corinne A.;Dovidio, John F.;Handelsman, Jo
通讯作者：
Handelsman, Jo
影响因子：
7.6
作者：
Morton, Thomas A.;Postmes, Tom;Hornsey, Matthew J.
通讯作者：
Hornsey, Matthew J.