Modelling marine ecosystem response to climate change and trawling in the North Sea
Modelling marine ecosystem response to climate change and trawling in the North Sea
复制标题
模拟海洋生态系统对气候变化和北海拖网捕捞的响应
作者：
J. Molen;J. Aldridge;C. Coughlan;E. R. Parker;D. Stephens;P. Ruardij
利用耦合的水动力-地球化学水柱模型GOTM-ERSEM-BFM研究了北海三个对比点的海洋生态系统对气候变化和底拖网捕捞的响应。气候变化强迫来自HadRM 3-PPE-UK区域气候模式1950-2100年期间使用历史排放和中等排放情景（SRESA 1B）的英国。底层拖网捕捞的影响表现为底栖动物的额外死亡率以及底栖-中上层营养和碳通量的变化。气候变化的主要影响是：㈠温度驱动的中上层代谢率和养分循环增加; ㈡再循环养分推动的初级生产增加; ㈢由于中上层循环增加导致的底栖代谢率增加和食物供应减少，底栖生物量减少; ㈣近床氧浓度减少。拖网捕捞的主要影响是：（一）由于死亡率增加，底栖生物量减少;（二）底栖-中上层营养通量增加，这些影响相互抵消，其他变量的变化相对较小。一个重要的后果是在两个夏季分层的网站，因为更少的底栖硝酸盐预测的反硝化通量大幅下降。拖网捕捞的影响与捕捞努力量成线性关系，与冬季捕捞相比，夏季捕捞的影响最为敏感。气候变化和拖网捕捞的影响是叠加的，表明这些干扰之间很少或没有非线性的相互作用。
The marine ecosystem response to climate change and demersal trawling was investigated using the coupled hydrodynamic-biogeochemical water column model GOTM-ERSEM-BFM for three contrasting sites in the North Sea. Climate change forcing was derived from the HadRM3-PPE-UK regional climate model for the UK for the period 1950–2100 using historical emissions and a medium emissions scenario (SRESA1B). Effects of demersal trawling were implemented as an additional mortality on benthic fauna, and changes in the benthic–pelagic nutrient and carbon fluxes. The main impacts of climate change were (i) a temperature-driven increase in pelagic metabolic rates and nutrient cycling, (ii) an increase in primary production fuelled by recycled nutrients, (iii) a decrease in benthic biomass due to increased benthic metabolic rates and decreased food supply as a result of the increased pelagic cycling, and (iv) a decrease in near-bed oxygen concentrations. The main impacts of trawling were (i) reduced benthic biomass due to the increased mortality, and (ii) the increased benthic–pelagic nutrient fluxes, with these effects counteracting each other, and relatively small changes in other variables. One important consequence was a large decrease in the de-nitrification flux predicted at the two summer-stratified sites because less benthic nitrate was available. The effects of trawling scaled linearly with fishing effort, with greatest sensitivity to fishing in summer compared to fishing in winter. The impacts of climate change and trawling were additive, suggesting little or no non-linear interactions between these disturbances.
影响因子：
--
作者：
F. Verspecht;T. Rippeth;M. J. Howarth;A. Souza;J. Simpson;H. Burchard
通讯作者：
F. Verspecht;T. Rippeth;M. J. Howarth;A. Souza;J. Simpson;H. Burchard
影响因子：
2.8
作者：
Lenhart, Hermann-J.;Mills, David K.;Wakelin, Sarah L.
通讯作者：
Wakelin, Sarah L.