Ichnology of a Middle Devonian regression: Environment, terrestrialization and true substrate controls on trace fossils of the Hangman Sandstone Formation, SW England
Ichnology of a Middle Devonian regression: Environment, terrestrialization and true substrate controls on trace fossils of the Hangman Sandstone Formation, SW England
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中泥盆世回归的技术：英格兰西南部 Hangman 砂岩地层痕迹化石的环境、陆地化和真实基质控制
DOI：
10.1016/j.palaeo.2023.111671
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发表时间：
2023
期刊：
影响因子：
--
通讯作者：
Davies N
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Davies N
英格兰西南部的艾菲尔时代的汉曼砂岩组是传统上被认为是相对贫瘠的遗迹化石的“老红砂岩”的一个单位。根据最近的调查，我们在这里显示它包含最多样化的中泥盆世非海洋遗迹动物群全球已知的。其组成部分特伦蒂瓦段的河湖相包括Archaeonassa、Areniconites、Beaconites、Bifungites、Circulichnis、Cruziana、Diplichnites、？格卢克斯塔代拉，戈迪亚，？哈利米底德？Lockeia、Merostomichnites、Palmichnus、Petalichnus、Planidae、Polarichnus、Rusophycus、Siskemia、Spirophyton、Steinsfjorichnus和Taenidium，以及几种微生物引起的沉积构造。下面Hollowbrook段的过渡海洋影响相暴露较少，但包含Cochlichnus、Halopoa、Phycodes和Teichichnus形式的四种额外独特的遗迹属，以及Cruziana的进一步实例，Planolites and Taenidium.对该单元的修订遗迹学评估揭示了几个显著特征，包括已知最年轻的节肢动物避难所遗迹，Polarichnus，以及过渡遗迹化石形式的Diplichnites-Beaconites，表明后者是由节肢动物产生的。由于Hangman砂岩组记录了海退的顶点，其遗迹动物群可以与整合的下伏林顿组相比较，后者沉积在桑迪海洋陆棚环境中。这些单位之间的遗迹学差异是尖锐的，88%的Hangman砂岩组遗迹化石是唯一的非海相或过渡相。这一观察揭示了陆化过程，并表明，海洋和非海洋痕迹化石群落的分离加速了中泥盆世。内部变化的遗迹签名内的Hangman砂岩组也很明显，更大的遗迹多样性和遗迹差异远河湖相比近端河流相。通过将该单元的沉积环境视为一个区域性广泛分布的河流系统，这种变异性可以部分地解释为该单元中真实基质（层面，显然保留了古老的沉积物-空气界面）的分布所产生的偏差，这种现象更容易保存在沉积系统的较低能量的外部区域。
The Eifelian-aged Hangman Sandstone Formation of southwest England is a unit of the ‘Old Red Sandstone’ that has traditionally been considered relatively barren of trace fossils. Following recent investigations, we here show it to contain the most diverse Middle Devonian non-marine ichnofauna known globally. The fluvial-lacustrine facies of its constituent Trentishoe Member contain representatives of 21 ichnogenera includingArchaeonassa, Arenicolites, Beaconites, Bifungites, Circulichnis, Cruziana, Diplichnites,?Gluckstadella, Gordia,?Halimededes,?Lockeia, Merostomichnites, Palmichnium, Petalichnus, Planolites, Polarichnus, Rusophycus, Siskemia, Spirophyton, Steinsfjordichnus, andTaenidium,as well as several microbially induced sedimentary structures.The transitional marine-influenced facies of the underlying Hollowbrook Member are less extensively exposed but contain four additional unique ichnogenera in the form ofCochlichnus, Halopoa, Phycodes, andTeichichnus, as well as further examples ofCruziana, PlanolitesandTaenidium.A revised ichnological assessment of the unit reveals several notable features, including the youngest known example of the arthropod refugia trace,Polarichnus, as well as a transitional trace fossil form ofDiplichnites-Beaconites, demonstrating that the latter was produced by arthropods. As the Hangman Sandstone Formation records the culmination of a marine regression, its ichnofauna can be compared with that of the conformably underlying Lynton Formation, which was deposited in a sandy marine shelf setting. The ichnological differences between these units are acute, with 88% of the Hangman Sandstone Formation trace fossils being exclusive to non-marine or transitional facies. This observation sheds light on the terrestrialization process and indicates that the segregation of marine and non-marine trace fossil communities had accelerated by the Middle Devonian. Internal variability in ichnological signatures within the Hangman Sandstone Formation is also pronounced, with greater ichnodiversity and ichnodisparity in distal fluvio-lacustrine facies than in proximal fluvial facies. By viewing the depositional environment of the unit as a regionally extensive distributive fluvial system, this variability can be partly explained by a bias arising from the distribution of true substrates (bedding planes that demonstrably preserve an ancient sediment-air interface) in the unit, with such phenomena being more readily preserved in the lower energy outer reaches of the depositional system.
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影响因子：
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DOI：
10.1016/0031-0182(86)90138-0
发表时间：
1986
期刊：
Palaeogeography, Palaeoclimatology, Palaeoecology
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